Springboard Mathematics Course 2 Terms

the distance of a number from zero on a number line; distance or this is always positive; for example the answer for 6 and -6 are both 6

angles that have a common side, but no common interior

a mathematical phrase that contains one or more numbers, one or more variables, and one or more arithmetic operations; for example, 4a+7

an equation or inequality that contains variables, such as (a + b) + c = a + (b + c)

the union of two rays with a common endpoint

to move upward

items that one owns

a way of displaying categorical data (for example, colors, types, qualities); each bar represents a different category; the vertical scale for the bar heights is labeled with the count or percent for each category

an estimate of expected income and expenses, with each type of income and expense identified by amount

a study that gains information about every number of a population

in a circle, a given point from which the set of points in the same plane are an equal distance

the set of points in a plane that are an equal distance from a given point, called the center

the distance around a circle

a number by which a variable is multiplied; for example in the term 6x, this is 6

a number into which all the denominators of a set of fractions may be divided without a remainder

includes all possible outcomes of a probability experiment that are not outcomes of the event

two angles whose measures have a sum of ninety degrees

in three-dimensional geometry, the result of putting two or more solids together

a figure made up of two or more figures

interest calculated on the total principle plus the interest earned or owed during the previous time period

when two or more figures are the same shape and size, they are this

an unproved statement that seems to be true

a term in an expression that does not change in value because it does not contain a variable; for example, this in the expression 3n + 6 is 6

the ratio of output values to input values in a relationship which is directly proportional

if the rate of change remains the same in a problem situation, it is defined as this

a ratio relating a number of units to a unit measure; for example, the ratio 12 to 1 is this relating inches to feet, and 1 to 12 is this relating feet to inches

the sides and angles of similar figures that are in the same relative positions in the figures

a document offering a reduction in price on a specific item, such as a box of cereal

to analyze and discuss the details of something

the intersection of a solid figure and a plane

in geometry, when you divide a composite figure into smaller figures, this phrase is sometimes used

to move downward

any line segment through the center of a circle with endpoints on the circle

a reduction in price

an outcome of a probability experiment in which every different outcome has the same chance of occurring

a statement showing that two numbers or expressions are equal, such as 4 + 3 = 7 or x + 5 = 9

two or more expressions that may look different, but represent the same quantity or have equal values when evaluated; for example, the expression 2x + 4x and the expression 6x are this

is calculated by observing the outcome of a probability experiment many times; sometimes called empirical probabilities

any outcome or group of outcomes from a probability experiment

any of the numbers or symbols that when multiplied together form a product

the process of finding the factors that form a product

an expense that does not change over a period of time

an angle formed by two sides of a triangle

a percent of earnings paid to federal, state, or local governments as a tax

the percentage of a loan amount charged by the lender; rates are stated as a percentage

the sum of the areas of the lateral faces of a solid

a face of a solid that is not one of the bases

amounts owed; debts

an amount added to the original cost of an item to find the selling price

the various ways by which news and information are communicated to the public; for example, through television, radio, and newspapers

a special offer that reduces the total cost of one or more items, such as "buy one, get one free"

a two-dimensional drawing used to represent or form a three-dimensional object or solid

the difference between what is owned and what is owed

an expression that contains numbers and operations; for example, 12 + 0 and (10 x 5) x 3 are expressions that contain numbers and operations

an equation that sets two expressions equal; for example 20 x 4 = 4 x 20

a set of rules for evaluating expressions with more than one operation; the order is: do calculations inside parentheses, evaluate expressions with exponents, multiply or divide from left to right, add or subtract from left to right

the way in which a figure is positioned

a word, phrase, or sequence that reads the same backward or forward; for example, the words tot and racecar are these

a ratio that compares a number to 100 and uses the % symbol

an equation showing the relationship between the whole and a part; this equation is written as: whole x percent = part

the amount of error between the assumed value and the actual value

the percent by which an original amount is increased or decreased; this is determined by dividing the change by the original amount

a flat surface that extends infinitely in all directions; a parallelogram is used to model this in two dimensions

a set of numbers for which data are to be collected and analyzed with the purpose of drawing some conclusions about some feature of this

the average of the data values for the whole population; if the sample is selected in the reasonable way, the sample mean can be used as an estimate of this

to make a reasonable guess about something that will happen

a solid with parallel congruent bases that are both polygons; the sides (faces) of this are all parallelograms or rectangles; these are named according to the shape of its bases

the measurement of the likelihood that an event will occur

the process of observing an outcome when there is chance involved, which means that the outcome is not known prior to doing the experiment

in mathematics, a property is a rule or statement that is always true

a tax paid on real estate which is based on the value of the property, including land

an equation stating that two ratios are equal

a three-dimensional figure whose base is a polygon and whose other faces are triangles that share a common vertex

a line segment with one endpoint at the center of a circle and the other endpoint on the circle

digits (0, 1, 2,...8, 9) arranged in a random order

a sample that is formed by selecting individuals from the population at random

a comparison of two different units, such as distance and time, or two different things measured with the same unit

the ratio of output values to corresponding input values

a comparison of two quantities; ratios can be written as fractions (indicating a quotient), or using the word "to," or using a colon (:)

any number that can be written as the ratio of two integers where the divisor is not zero; for example, 8, 1.5, 2/5, y - 3

a sales promotion used as an incentive to get buyers to purchase a specific product

a polygon with all sides congruent and all angles congruent

a pyramid with a base that is a regular polygon

the relationship between two items showing how the size of one item is larger or smaller than the other item

a decimal that has one or more digits following the decimal point that repeat endlessly

a prism on which the bases are directly above each other, making the lateral faces perpendicular to the bases

a percentage of the cost of a purchase paid as a tax

a small representative group chosen from a population; a good one of these can be used to make predictions about the larger population

the average of the data values for a sample

the set of all possible outcomes of an experiment

a numerical value that is calculated using data from a sample

choosing a portion of the population to study which resembles the entire population

the variability in the values of a sample statistic that occurs when random samples are selected from a population because different samples include different individuals

a drawing that represents an object as an enlargement or reduction of the size of an actual object; the scale factor defines the amount of enlargement or reduction

choosing in a way that gives each member of the group the same chance of being chosen

an arc whose measure is half of a circle; the area of this is half of the area of a circle with the same radius

figures in which the lengths of the corresponding sides are in proportion and the corresponding angles are congruent

an artificial process for generating an outcome instead of using a probability experiment

the height of a triangular face of a pyramid

a set whose elements are all in another set; every set is this of itself

two angles whose measures have a sum of 180 degrees

the sum of the areas of the faces of a solid figure

the amount of money an employee receives in a paycheck after amounts are withheld for taxes, health insurance, or contributions to retirement savings

a decimal that has a finite or limited number of digits following the decimal point

the ratio of the number of outcomes in which the event can occur to the total number of outcomes in the probability experiment

an optional payment-in addition to the cost of the bill-to someone who provides good service

a graphic organizer for listing the possible outcomes of an experiment

a rate in which one of the quantities represented has a value of one; for example, a rate of 25 miles per gallon is a unit rate that can be written as 25 miles/1 gallon

"only" or "single" in geometry, a triangle that can be drawn in only one way

a letter or symbol used to represent a number in expressions or equations

a expense that changes-or varies-over time

the common endpoint of two rays that form an angle

a pair of angles formed by two intersecting lines; these share a common vertex but no common sides

the measure of the space occupied by a three-dimensional figure; this is measure in cubic units as cubic inches (inches cubed)