IS THE RORSCHACH VALID?
- Not answerable because Rorschach and valid are ambiguous- Global conclusions are unlikely (must be criterion by criterion)- Each method is of value in some areas and limited in others> Self-report best when focus is on consciously available, behavioral dimensions of functioning [which the subject is not motivated to hide]> Rorschach best for unconscious or structural dimensions of function
CONCLUSIONS
- Admissible in court BUT use the Comprehensive system- And rely on Structural Summary rather than sequence or content analysis
SPA WHITE PAPER
- Written for judges, attorneys, administrators, and public- Rorschach has "documented reliability and validity similar to other generally accepted test instruments"
ERARD & EVANS 2006
- Took detractors to task for failing to follow the very principles of good science that they claim as the basis of their critiques:> Factual accuracy> Thoroughness> Humility
MELOY
- Concluded: Rorschach "continues to have authority, or weight, in higher courts of appeal"
STRUCTURAL SUMMARY
- The ultimate objective for scoring is to compute the structural summary- Handscore the first hundred--so you know where things come from- Use Chapter 9 in the book to walk you through the steps
STRUCTURAL SUMMARY: UPPER SECTION (8)
1. ORGANIZATIONAL ACTIVITY2. LOCATION CODES3. DEVELOPMENTAL QUALITY4.

DETERMINANTS5. FORM QUALITY6. CONTENTS (27 categories)7. APPROACH SUMMARY8. SPECIAL SCORES

STRUCTURAL SUMMARY: UPPER SECTIONORGANIZATIONAL ACTIVITY
> Zf: frequency of Z-scores> Zsum: sum of the weighted Z-scores> Zest: the Zsum expected from a given Zf
STRUCTURAL SUMMARY: UPPER SECTIONLOCATION CODES
> W, D, Dd, S
STRUCTURAL SUMMARY: UPPER SECTIONDEVELOPMENTAL QUALITY
> For all responses: +, o, v/+, v> For responses with (-) form quality: +, o, v/+, v
STRUCTURAL SUMMARY: UPPER SECTIONDETERMINANTS
> Single: each separately occurring determinant is recorded> Blends (combinations of determinants): all blends are recorded here> BE SURE when you are getting counts, to include BOTH Single and Blend determinants
STRUCTURAL SUMMARY: UPPER SECTIONFORM QUALITY
> FQx: form quality for all responses> MQual: form quality for M responses> W+D: form quality for all W and D responses
STRUCTURAL SUMMARY: UPPER SECTIONCONTENTS
> Freq of responses in each category (primary content, secondary/additional content)
STRUCTURAL SUMMARY: UPPER SECTIONAPPROACH SUMMARY
> The sequence of location codes for each card (WS, W, Dd, D)
STRUCTURAL SUMMARY: UPPER SECTIONSPECIAL SCORES
> Level 1 and Level 2--freq of special scores in each level (DV, INCOM, DR, FABCOM)> Raw Sum6--freq of special scores (including ALOG and CONTAM)> WSum6--weighted sum of the special scoresDV1=1, DV2=2, INCOM1=2, INCOM2=4, DR1=3, DR2=6, FABCOM1=4, FABCOM2=7, ALOG=5, CONTAM=7.

STRUCTURAL SUMMARY: LOWER SECTION (8)
1. CORE2. IDEATION3. AFFECT4. MEDIATION5.

PROCESSING6. INTERPERSONAL7. SELF-REFLECTION8. COMPOSITE INDEX SCORES

STRUCTURAL SUMMARY: LOWER SECTIONCORE
- R= total number of responses- L (Lambda)= # of pure F divided by R-F- EB (Erlebnistypus) = Total # of M responses : WtSumC {FC (.

5) + CF (1.0) + C (1.5)}- EA (Experience Actual) = Sum M + WtSumC- EB Per (Pervasive)= divide larger number in EB by the smaller> Calculate only if:> EA is greater than 4> L is less than 1.0> if EA </= 10, then one side of EB must be > 2.

0 the smaller side> if EA > 10, then one side of EB must be > 2.5 the smaller side- eb (Experience Base)=Sum FM+m : Sum all variations C'+T+Y+V- es (Experience stimulation)=sum of both sides of eb- D=EA-es converted with 2.5 as standard deviation; -2.5 to +2.

5 = 0; -5.0 to +5.0 = 1 , etc- Adj es=all but 1 m and 1 Y are removed from es to get Adj es- Adj D=use adj es to get adj D as above

STRUCTURAL SUMMARY: LOWER SECTIONIDEATION
M- is the number of M with minus FQM-none is M without FQ (e.g.

it is love) (from any vague scores)

STRUCTURAL SUMMARY: LOWER SECTIONAFFECT
- FC : CF + C + Cn (not weighted here, just counts)- Pure C above (also includes Cn)- AFR = # of responses to the last 3 cards divided by the # to the first 7 cards
STRUCTURAL SUMMARY: LOWER SECTIONMEDIATION
- XA+% (form appropriate extended) = # of all (+), (o), and (u) FQ over R- WDA% (Form Appropriate--Common Areas) = # of W and D responses with FQ +, o, and u / # of all W + D responses- S- This is a count of the number of S responses that have - FQ- X+% (conventional use of form) = # of FQ + and o / R
STRUCTURAL SUMMARY: LOWER SECTIONPROCESSING
Zd = Zsum - Zest (with appropriate sign)
STRUCTURAL SUMMARY: LOWER SECTIONINTERPERSONAL
Human Content--H + (H) + Hd + (Hd) (Interpersonal Interest) Hx is not included
STRUCTURAL SUMMARY: LOWER SECTIONSELF-REFLECTION
- Egocentricity Index 3r+(2) / R- r = # of reflections- (2) = # of pairs
STRUCTURAL SUMMARY: LOWER SECTIONCOMPOSITE INDEX SCORES (6)
6 indices derived from compiling a number of indicators** Age-adjusted cutoffs for three variables:1. WSUM62. 3r+(2)/R3. AfrNOTE cutoff values to be used1. PTI (Perceptual-Thinking Index)2. DEPI (Depression Index)> Sum Shading does NOT include C'3.

CDI (Coping Deficit Index)4. S-Con (Suicide Constellation)> Don't overlook that FV + VF + V ALSO includes FD5. HVI (Hypervigilance Index)6. OBS (Obsessive Style Index)

NORMS
- In general look for a variance of a standard deviation or more from the norm to interpret an indicator- The further from the mean, the more significant