PHY 240

A country's rate of childhood obesity correlates with the frequency of children's exposure to food commercials on television.

Many development are concerned that modern children spend too little time

A basic nerve cell in the central nervous system is called an

Jimmy, who is 8 years old, is more likely at this age to want to play with Sara than with another boy his age

Achievement tests are designed to measure one's

Asthma is a disorder caused by _________ the airways. a) Inflammation of b) Enlargement of c) Destruction of d) Holes in

Children with attention-deficit disorders: a) Are always impulsive b) Are always objective c) Can concentrate momentarily d) Struggle to pay attention

Children with any form of autism spectrum disorder have: a) Difficulty speaking b) A lack of eye contact c) Difficulty understanding others' speech d) Difficulty understanding emotions

During the school years, children learn up to 20 new words each day. a) True b) False

In the United States, public schools that set their own standards, are licensed by the state and receive funding from private money and sponsors are ________schools. a) Voucher b) Private c) Religious d) Charter

The high rate of obesity in the United States is primarily due to heredity. a) True b) False

In the United States, the percentage of children with asthma has been stable for about the last two decades. a) True b) False

The memory system in which signals are held for a split second is called. a) Short-term b) Working c) Sensory d) Holding

A child's reaction time is determined by his or her level of muscular development a) True b) False

In the total immersion approach to bilingual education, social communication in both languages is encouraged. a) True b) False

Anoxia refers to: a) Cerebral hemorrhaging b) Signs of cerebral palsy c) A lack of oxygen d) Toxic substance in the bloodstream

Full-term pregnancies typically last____________ from the date of conception. a) 32 weeks b) 34 weeks c) 36 weeks d) 38 weeks

Every ovum a woman creates contains an X chromosome a) True b) False

The first two weeks of prenatal development are called the fetal period. a) True b) False

Genes are located on chromosomes a) True b) False

About 20 percent of all children have difficulties that could be connected to behavioral teratogens. a) True b) False

Cindy is doing a presentation on prenatal development and wants to present the three main periods of prenatal development in order from conception to birth. Cindy's presentation uses the following orders. a) Embryonic, germinal, and fetal b) Fatal, embryonic, and germinal c) Germinal, embryonic, and fetal d) Germinal, fetal, and embryonic

About a week after conception, the outer layer of the multiplying cells forms a protective circle, or shell, that will become the . a) Placenta b) Umbilical cord c) Vermix d) Infant

Newborn babies do NOT have reflexes designed to: a) Maintain oxygen supply b) Maintain a constant body temperature c) Adjust to the difference between day and night d) Manage feeding

On the 23rd set of chromosomes, males have a) Two X chromosomes b) Two Y chromosomes c) An X and Y chromosomes d) Just a Y Chromosomes

Dizygotic twins originate from the same zygote; therefore, they have the same genotype a) True b) False

Father do not seem to have any impact on birth outcomes a) True b) False

Epidural, often used in hospital births to manage pain during childbirth have been shown to: a) Help prevent unnecessary C-sections b) Encourage breast-feeding from the beginning c) Inhibit the newborn's readiness to suck d) Induce labor

The rooting reflex helps a newborn infant find a nipple a) True b) False

Maternal depression: a) Is normal and does not usually require any treatment b) Is usually not noticed by the father c) Does not seen to affect an infant d) Can have a long-term impact on the newborn

Identical twins are also called _______ twins a) Monozygotic b) Dizygotic c) Zygotic d) Gamete

Embryos exposed to large amounts of alcohol may develop distorted facial features a) True b) False

On the 23rd set of chromosomes, females have a) Two X chromosomes b) Two Y chromosomes c) An X and a Y chromosomes d) Just a Y chromosomes

Each molecule of DNA is called a(n): a) Chromosome b) RNA c) Gene d) Zygote

Laniya's three grandchildren live with her because their mother is in jail. The term for the family structure that best describes the household of Laniya and her grandchildren is:

Which of the following statement about selective optimization with compensation is TRUE?

According to disengagement theory, aging leads to decreasing options for relationships and activities.

The life expectancy for 65-year-old European Americans is the same as that for 65-year-old African Americans. True or False

Older couples that are happy together are likely to say they no longer disagree about things.

In the U.S., most private pensions are tied not only to work history but also to the stock market.

Today, most never-married older adults are:

In parent and adult child relationships____ feel stronger affection toward their parents

About 5 percent of elders report that they have been victims of

Many developmentalists believe that one sign of mental health in older adults is

Erikson called the final crisis of development:

James, age 50, is terminally ill. He is primarily focused on:

Religious involvement correlates with _____ because it promotes social relationships and healthy habits.

Fear of death tends to subside in middle age

According to Kubler-Ross, the first stage of dying is:

When many adults who moved into a neighborhood decades earlier never leave the area, the result is:

The medical establishment is largely responsible for preventing frailty among the old.

Physician-assisted suicide is legal in most U.S. states

Children who are terminally ill fear that death means they will be:

Control processes include emotional regulation, selective attention, and metacognition. a) True b) False

A country's rate of childhood obesity correlates with the frequency of children's exposure to food commercials on television. a) True b) false

The ability to understand and use metaphors results from a level of cognitive development that is typically attained during middle childhood. a) True b) False

The ratio between a person's height and weight is expressed as: a) HWP b) BMW c) APGAR d) BMI

Which learning disability is characterized by unusual difficulty with reading? a) Dyslexia b) ADHD c) Autism d) Bipolar disorder

16. It is common for boys to get higher grades than girls in middle childhood. a) True b) False

Birthplace seems to be a factor in whether a child develops asthma or not. a) True b) False

Children with learning disabilities will face obstacles throughout their entire lives. a) True b) False

Todd runs around the classroom, can't seem to sit still or concentrate, and is easily excited. With which disorder might Todd be diagnosed? a) Mental retardation b) A sensory deficit c) Attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder d) Childhood schizophrenia

Conservation refers to a child's assumption that the world is unchanging a) True b) False

A preschooler's approach to the world is control more by his or her own subjective views of the world than by reality. a) True b) False

The amygdala registers emotions a) True b) False

The part of the brain that specializes in planning and prioritizing is the cerebellum a) True b) False

A child's appetite ________ between the ages of 2 and 6. a) Increases slightly b) Increases dramatically c) Stay the same d) Decreases

The area of the brain that is crucial in expressing and regulating emotion is the: a) Limbic system b) Prefrontal cortex c) Fusiform face area d) Corpus callosum

A child's inability to understand that undoing a sequence of events will bring about the original situation is called: a) Concrete operations b) Conservation c) Irreversibility d) Symbolic thought

Too much sugar and to little fiber cause tooth decay in childhood a) True b) False

An example of a fine motor skill is: a) Using scissors to cut paper b) Swimming across a pool c) Roller-skating around the block d) Playing catch with a football

Today's children could become the first generation in more than 100 years to have a shorter lifespan than their parents as a result of: a) Their propensity to over eat and under exercise b) An increase in the number of accidents involving teenagers c) New, deadly disease for which there are no cures d) A lack of access to quality medical care

The ability to plan and prioritize appears to be directly related to the development of the ______ cortex. a) Parietal b) Prefrontal c) Striate d) Posterior

Primary prevention reduces the damage after an accident a) True b) False

What is a leading cause of death among children between the ages of 1 and 4 years old? a) Drowning b) Poisoning c) Falling d) Cancer

If a child's home environment is poor, early education programs won't be beneficial a) True b) False

A preschooler's approach to the world is control more by his or her own subjective views of the world than by reality a) True b) False

Most teacher-directed preschool programs stress a) Academics b) Arts and music c) Social skills d) Dual languages

A theory of mind is one's own personal understanding of the complex interaction among emotions, perceptions, thoughts, and intentions in oneself and others a) True b) False

The right hemisphere of the brain is where language abilities are located in most people a) True b) False

A nutritional problem in early childhood is an insufficient intake or iron, zinc, and calcium a) True b) false

Gross motor skills are: a) Head motions b) Small movements c) Large movements d) Feet motions

Parents are told that their newborn is in the 90th percentile for height. This means that their child is: a) Above average in height b) Below average in height c) Average in height d) 90 percent of the desired height for his weight.

The brain of the newborn is the same size as those of an adult and therefore disproportionately large. a) True b) False

Infants require toys that make noise, play music, beep, and sing in order for their brains to develop adequately a) True b) False

Axons and dendrites meet at a synapse. a) True b) False

The five senses serve no purpose in comforting in comforting infants a) True b) False

According to Skinner, a grandfather who smiles whenever the baby says "pa-pa" is providing reinforcement for talking. a) True b) False

Infants do not turn their heads in response to a sound until they are at least three months old. a) True b) False

The fats and sugars used in formula make it more digestible than breast milk. a) True b) False

The outer layers of the brain are referred to as: a) The cortex b) Axons c) Dendrites d) Synapses

The form of discipline most frequently used with preschool children in North America is time-out. a) True b) False

Freud's term for the formation of a conscience that internalizes parental morals is: a) The superego b) The ego c) Schema d) Identification

Instrumental aggression is an angry retaliation for someone else's actions. a) True b) False

Young children typically have low self-esteem since they compare their abilities with peers who are more competent. a) True b) False

Since Brittany will set the dinner table only if she can have a treat after dinner, her willingness to help is extrinsically motivated. a) True b) False