The word "baroque" has at various times meant all of the following except
naturalistic
Modern historians use the term "baroque" to indicate
a particular style in the arts
All of the following were baroque painters except
Isaac Newton
Baroque painters exploited their materials to expand the potential of ____ to create totally structured worlds.
All answers are correct: color, ornament and detail, depth
Baroque style flourished in music during the period
1600-1750
The baroque, as a stylistic period in western art music, encompassed the years
1600-1750
The two giants of baroque composition were George Frideric Handel and
Johann Sebastian Bach
All of the following were major baroque composers except
Wolfgang A. Mozart
Which of the following statements is not true? A. Baroque art is a complex mixture of rationalism, sensuality, materialism and spirituality. B. The late baroque period was one of the most revolutionary periods in music history. C. Early baroque composers favored homophonic texture over the polyphonic texture typical of Renaissance music. D. Regardless of form, baroque music features contrasts between bodies of sound.
B. The late baroque period was one of the most revolutionary periods in music history.
One of the most revolutionary periods in music history was the
early baroque
The early baroque was characterized by
homophonic texture
The early baroque period spanned the years
1600-1640
Monteverdi, an early baroque composer, strove to create music that was
passionate and dramatic
The early and late baroque periods differed in that composers in the early baroque
favored homophonic texture
The middle baroque was characterized by
a diffusion of the style into every corner of Europe
The middle baroque period spanned the years
1640-1690
Composers in the middle baroque phase favored writing compositions for instruments of the ________ family.
violin
By about _______, major or minor scales were the tonal basis of most compositions.
1680
Instrumental music became as important as vocal music for the first time in the ________ period.
late baroque
The late baroque period spanned the years
1690-1750
Affections in baroque usage refers to
emotional states or moods of music
A baroque musical composition usually expresses _________ within the same movement.
one basic mood
The baroque principle of _______ may be temporarily suspended in vocal music when drastic changes of emotion in a text inspires corresponding changes in the music.
unity of mood
The compelling drive and energy in baroque music are usually provided by
repeated rhythmic patterns
Baroque melodies often are
elaborate and ornamental
Baroque melodies give the impression of
dynamic expansion
Melodic sequence refers to
the successive repetition of a musical idea at higher or lower pitches
A characteristic often found in baroque melodies is
a short opening phrase followed by a longer phrase with an unbroken flow of rapid notes
Terraced dynamics refers to
the sudden alteration from one dynamic level to another
In the baroque era, dynamics consisted mainly of sudden alterations between loud and soft called
terraced dynamics
The main keyboard instruments of the baroque period were the organ and the
harpsichord
A popular keyboard instrument in which sound was produced by means of brass blades striking the strings was the
clavichord
The most characteristic feature of baroque music is its use of
basso continuo
A bass part together with numbers (figures) that specify the chords to be played above it is called
basso continuo
The orchestra evolved during the baroque period into a performing group based on instruments of the ________ family.
violin
The word "movement" in music normally refers to
a piece that sounds fairly complete and independent but is part of a larger composition
Which of the following statements is not true? A. A large courrt during the baroque period might employ more than 80 performers, including the finest opera singers of the day. B. Audiences in the baroque period were most anxious to hear old familiar favorites, and did not care for new music. C. In Italy, music schools were often connected with orphanages. D. Church musicians in the baroque period earned lower pay and had less status than court musicians.
B. Audiences in the baroque period were most anxious to hear old familiar favorites, and did not care for new music.
A large court during the baroque period might employ about ________ performers.
80
The music director of a baroque court was usually not responsible for
publicity in reaching an audience
Frederick the Great, king of Prussia, was a
All answers are correct: flutist, general, composer
The position of the composer during the baroque period was that of
a high-class servant with few personal rights
In the baroque period, the ordinary citizen's opportunities for hearing music usually came from the
church
In Italy, music schools were often connected with
orphanages
To get a job, a musician had to
pass a difficult examination
A concerto grosso most often has ______ movement(s).
three
The large group of players in a concerto grosso is known as the
tutti
The concerto grosso most often has three movements whose tempo markings are
fast, slow, fast
The first and last movements of the concerto grosso are often in _____ form.
ritornello
Which of the following statements are not true? A. A concerto grosso normally involves two to four soloists, and anywhere from eight to twenty or more musicians for the tutti. B. A concerto grosso persents a contrast of texture between the tutti and the soloists, who assert their individuality and appeal for attention through brilliant and fanciful melodic lines. C. A concerto grosso normally involves a large group of soloists accompanied by an equal number of supporting players. D. The first and last movements of a concerto grossi are often in ritornello form, a form that features the alteration between tutti and solo selections.
C. A concerto grosso normally involves a large group of soloists accompanied by an equal number of supporting players.
The solo instruments in Bach's Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 are the _______, violin and harpsichord.
flute
Bach's Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 is unusual in that
it gives a solo role to the harpsichord
A musical ornament consisting of the rapid alteration of two tones that are a whole of half step apart is a
trill
A polyphonic composition based on one main theme is the
fugue
The main theme of a fugue is called the
subject
When the subject of a fugue is presented in the dominant scale, it is called the
answer
In many figures, the subject in one voice is constantly accompanied in another voice by a different melodic idea called a(n)
countersubject
Transitional sections of a fugue that offer either new material or fragments of the subject or countersubject are called
episodes
________ is a musical procedure in which a fugue subject is imitated before it is completed.
stretto
A _______ is a single tone, usually in the bass, that is held while the other voices produce a series of changing harmonies against it.
pedal point
Turning the subject of a fugue upside down, or reversing the direction of each interval, is called
inversion
Presenting the subject of a fugue from right to left, or beginning with the last and proceeding backward to the first note, is called
retrograde
Presenting the subject of a fugue in lengthened time values is called
augmentation
Presenting the subject of a fugue in shortened time values is called
diminution
Very often an independent fugue is introduced by a short piece called a(n)
prelude
An _________ is a play, set to music, sung to orchestral accompaniment, with scenery, costumes and action.
opera
The text, or book, of a musical dramatic work is called the
libretto
Which of the following statements is not true? A. The terms ensemble and chorus are synonymous. B. Voice categories in opera are divided more finely than in other musical genres. C. Operas may contain spoken dialogue, but most are sung entirely. D. Opera soloists must create a wide variety of characters, and so need acting skills as well as vocal artistry.
A. The terms ensemble and chorus are synonymous.
A song for solo voice with orchestral accompaniment is called a/an
aria
________ refers to a vocal line that imitates the rhythms and pitch fluctuations of speech.
recitative
A _________ is a singer with a low range who usually takes comic roles.
basso buffo
A _________ is a singer with a very low range and powerful voice, who usually takes roles calling for great dignity.
basso profundo
A(n) _________ is a musical number for two solo voices with orchestral accompaniment.
duet
A(n) ___________ is an operatic number involving three or more leading singers.
ensemble
The ____________ is the person who beats time, indicates expression, cues in musicians, and controls the balance among instruments and voices.
conductor
An ____________ is an orchestral composition performed before the curtain rises on a dramatic work.
overture
Members of the Camerata wanted to create a new vocal style based on the
music of the ancient Greek tragedies
The members of the Camerata wanted the vocal line of their music to follow
the rhythms and pitch fluctuations of speech
Most early baroque operas were based on Greek mythology and
ancient history
Which of the following statements are not true? A. Most early baroque operas were based on Greek mythology and ancient history. B. The members of the Florentine Camerata based their theories on actual dramatic music that had come down to them from the Greeks. C. The members of the Florentine Camerata wanted to create a new vocal style modeled on the music of ancient Greek tragedy. D. Polyphonic was rejected by the members of the Florentine Camerata because different words sounding simultaneously would obscure the text.
B. The members of the Florentine Camerata based their theories on actual dramatic music that had come down to them from the Greeks.
The first opera house in Europe to offer entry to anyone with the price of admission opened in 1637 in
Venice
The earliest opera that has been preserved is Jacopo Peri's
Euridice
The stage machinery of baroque opera
bordered on the colossal