Glencoe World History Chapter 4

an arm of the Mediterranean between Greece and Turkey

a sea between Europe and Asia

A civilization in the Bronze Age (est. 2800 B.C.)

the largest Greek island in the Mediterranean

a civilization that existed on the Mediterranean island of Crete

of or relating to or characteristic of ancient Mycenae or its inhabitants

ancient Greek epic poet who is believed to have written the Iliad and the Odyssey (circa 850 BC)

region of western Asia Minor colonized by Ancient Greeks

a long narrative poem telling of a hero's deeds

a city state

served as a place of refuge during an attack and sometimes came to be a religious center on which temples and public buildings were built

served as a place where people could assemble and as a market

heavily armed infantry soldiers or foot soldiers

a military formation of foot soldiers armed with spears and shields

the strait between the Aegean and the Sea of Marmara that separates European Turkey from Asian Turkey; along with Bosporus

a strait connecting the Mediterranean and the Black Sea; along with Hellespont

the first capitol of the Eastern Empire renamed as Constantinople

A government by the rule of the many

a political system governed by a few people

an ancient Greek city famous for military prowess; seized more land when needed

Slaves to the Spartans that revolted and nearly destroyed Sparta in 650 B.C.E.

a group of five men who were elected each year and were responsible for the education of the youth and conduct of the citizens

the capital and largest city of Greece; enemy of Sparta

a reform-minded aristocrat

An aristocrat, created a council of 500 and helped from Athenian democracy

the western Asian peninsula comprising most of modern-day Turkey, known to the Greeks as Anatolia

Persian ruler that seeked revenge on the Athenian navy

son of Darius; became Persian king. He vowed revenge on the Athenians. He invaded Greece with 180,000 troops in 480 B.C.

Pact joined in by Athenians and other Greeks to continue the war with Persia

the headquarters of the Delian League

Athenian statesman whose leadership contributed to Athen's political and cultural supremacy in Greece

a period of classical Athenian and Greek history in which Athens reached its highest power

system of government in which people gather at mass meetings to decide on government matters

procedure used by Athenian assembly in 5th century B.C. to banish a citizen for 10 years without revoking their rights; 6,000 votes were needed for banishment

an ancient Greek city in Boeotia destroyed by Alexander the Great in 336 BC

an ancient kingdon ruled by Alexander the Great that conquered Greece and the Persian empire in the 300s BC

the higest mountain in Greece, where the ancient Greeks believed many of their gods and godesses lived

another name for ceremonies or rites

a sacred shrine where a god or goddess revealed the future through a priest or a priestess

The most famous of greek oracles

the first Greek dramas; presented in a trilogy ... serious drama about common themes such as love, hate, war or betrayal

writer of tragedies; wrote Oresteia; proposed the idea of having two actors and using props and costumes

Greek writer of tragedies; author of Oedipus Rex

one of the greatest tragic dramatists of ancient Greece (480-406 BC)

the ancient Greek known as the father of history

considered the greatest historian of the ancient world

an organized system of thought

Greek philosopher and mathematician who proved the Pythagorean theorem

a group of traveling teachers in ancient Greece who rejected speculations such as that of Pythagoras as foolish

ancient Athenian philosopher who did not believe in recording anything

a method of teaching by question and answer

one of Socrates' students; was considered by many to be the GREATEST philosopher of western civilization

one of the greatest of the ancient Athenian philosophers; Student of Plato

king of ancient Macedonia and father of Alexander the Great (382-336 BC)

son of Philip II; received military training in Macedonian; conquered much land in Asia Minor, Syria, Egypt, and Mesopotamia; goal was to conquer the known world

the era in which the Greeks were imitated in other parts of the world

an ancient Greek city located in the western part of what is now modern Turkey during the Hellenistic Era

Greek mathematician and astronomer who estimated the circumference of the earth and the distances to the moon and sun (276-194 BC)

He is the father of geometry and wrote a book explaining geometry (the Elements)

the most famous scientist of the Hellenistic Era

philosophy founded by Epicurus in Hellenistic Athens; taught that happiness through the pursuit of pleasure was the goal of life

(philosophy) the philosophical system of the Stoics following the teachings of the ancient Greek philosopher Zeno