3 guidelines for assessing risk
consider chances, identify alternatives, prepare to change
List 4 characteristics of risk
always present, affected by all, perceived differs from actual, manageable
Graduated Driver Licensing
ease new drivers into driving. Learner's permit, intermediate stage, full license
How long does it take a new driver to reach ability of average experienced driver?
5 years
Each year, approximately how many people are killed in motor-vehicle related collisions in the US?
40,000
What percent of crashes are caused by driver error?
90%
More than how many percent of all vehicle-occupant fatalities occur in single-vehicle crashes
50%
How to safely approach the vehicle.
Have keys in hand, be alert, search for movement, make sure others can see you, if parked by curb, face traffic
Explain helpfulness of seatbelt
Keeps you in place and slows rate of deceleration
Optimal seating position behind steering wheel
Comfortable, upright position, squarely behind wheel
How often should pre-driving checks be performed?
Every time you drive.
Under normal conditions, checks under hood should be performed how often?
At least once a month or as recommended in manual
In vehicles equipped with driver's-side airbag,sitting closer than how many inches from the wheel increases chance of injury in a crash
10
Identify a planned path of travel how long ahead?
12-15 seconds
Under most conditions a minimum following distance of what will enable you to adjust speed or position appropriately.
3-4 seconds
if speed goes from 20-49 distance needed to stop increases by
4
when braking hard weight of car noticeably shifts
to the front
when turning right the contact patches of the what will increase in size
left tires
when starting engine, release the key when?
as soon as the engine starts
This is used to maintain slow forward motion or allowing speed to increase gradually with minimum weight shift
Light Acceleration
total stopping time is made up of
reaction time, braking time, and perception time
ABS
help drivers maintain steering control under hard braking.
benefits of braking in straight line
helps maximize tire's contact patches.
Railroad advance warning signs are
yellow and round
and odd-numbered interstate using a single or double digit number indicates a route that
runs north and south
a solid yellow line on your side of road means
you can't pass
solid white lines are used to
mark right edge of highway
info communicated by green sign color
go when clear
info communicated by yellow sign color
right of way is expiring
info communicated by red sign color
stop before crosswalk
info communicated by blue sign color
guide
info communicated by brown sign color
rec/cultural interest
info communicated by orange sign color
temporary work zone
4 signs/roadway markings used w reversible lanes
red x, green arrow, steady and blinking yellow x.
What laws are designed to help drivers understand who should go first?
Right of way
A certificate of motor vehicle title
demonstrates proof of ownership
Central Vision
objects and conditions
fringe vision
depth and position
peripheral vision
color and motion
stopping zone distance
4-5 seconds
size of space margin depends on
speed, width, and maneuvers
when preparing to turn you should
complete braking before turning steering wheel
when reversing direction you should consider
traffic density, speed, and visibility
when parking uphill w a curb you should turn the front wheels
away from curb
primary challenge in driving manual transmission is learning to
release clutch smoothly
point at which engine begins to move car as clutch is released is called
friction point
when shifting gears you should look
along intended path of travel
when shifting gears you should press the clutch
all the way to the floor
coming together or blending of vehicles to maintain a smooth uninterrupted flow
merging
what percent of collisions involve some form of driver inattention
80
overall risk of a collision while using a cellphone increases by
400%