At the time of the founding country, most americans worked as
farmers
why are u.
s. firms moving manufacturing jobs overseas
labor cost less overseas
What groups are counted in employment statistics
all nonmilitary people who are employed or unemployed
what is one reason many firms hire temporary workers to do a particular job
flexible work arrangements
How many employers offset rising benefit costs
by hiring contingent employees and by offshoring and outsourcing
what is the largest sector of today's labor force
blue collar jobs
what is the basic economy principle that decides how high wages will be
employers will not pay more than the worker is worth
what factors can affect wages
minimum wage laws,safety laws and labor unions
how does the pay level of women compare with the pay level of men
men get paid more than women
what is generally on go the major differences between union and nonunion workers
union workers earn more money for similar work
what is the main reason some jobs pay higher wages than other jobs
skill levels and education
what is one action an employer can take to lower wage levels
cut labor costs
what is one action a worker can take to earn higher wages
better education
what is the purpose of the Equal Pay act of 1963
anti-discrimination laws to prevent wage discrimination
what is generally the difference between white and blue collar workers?
blue, someone who performs manual labor and gets paid hourly
white, someone who works in a professional area and gets paid weekly
which legislation enacted in 1947 may have been a reason for the decline in union membership
right-to-work act
what is one of a labor union's primary goals
to improve working conditions, wages, and benefits for its members.
what is considered a negatived impact of a strike on an employer
business loss
what has been the pattern of union membership in recent years
have declined
what does the equal employment opportunity commission enforce
make employment opportunities are equal no matter your age, sex,or race.
provide examples of company benefits
pensions and health insurance
why is the equilibrium wage of doctors high as opposed to secretaries
because there are more doctors with extensive training
why would a company be accused of having a glass ceiling
if they prevented women and minorities from advancing to the top ranks of an organization
why were labor unions formed
to change working conditions
what is the main reason the strength of labor unions has declined in recent years
the decline of manufactoring
What advantage do workers bargaining as part of a labor union hold over workers bargaining as individuals
they take advantage to increase members wages and otherwise change their working situation
how have right-to-work laws affected union membership
it bans mandatory union members
why did unions membership rise in the 1930s
legislation was passed that were in favor of unions
how has the rise of white-collar jobs affected unions
decreased unions because generally white-collars do not join unions
in 1886, samuel gompers started a national labor movement by the creating the
american federation of labor
labor force
all nonmilitary people who are employed or unemployed
outsourcing
the practice of contracting with another company to do a specific job that would otherwise be done by a company's own workers
offshoring
the movement of some of a company's operations to another country
learning effect
the theory that education increases efficiency of production and thus results in higher wages
screen effect
the theory that the completion of college indicates to employers that a job applicant is intelligent
contingent employment
temporary and part-time jobs
guest workers
Legal immigrant who has a work visa, usually short term.
derived demands
The demand for the inputs or factors of production.
productivity of labor
quantity of output produced by a unit of labor
equilibrium wage
wage rate that is set when the supply of workers meets the demand for workers in the labor market
unskilled labor
labor that requires no specialized skills,education, or training
semi-skilled labor
labor that requires minimal specialized skills and education
skilled labor
labor that requires specialized skills and training
professional labor
labor that requires advanced skills and education
glass ceiling
An invisible barrier that separates women and minorities from top management positions
labor union
An organization of workers that tries to improve working conditions, wages, and benefits for its members
featherbedding
The practice of negotiating labor contracts that keep unnecessary workers on a company's payroll
strike
An organized work stoppage intended to force an employer to address union demands.
right-to-work
a measure that bans mandatory union membership
blue-collar worker
Someone who performs manual labor, often in a manufacturing job, and who earns an hourly wage.
white-collar worker
someone in a professional or clerical job who usually earns a salary
collective bargaining
Process by which a union representing a group of workers negotiates with management for a contract
mediation
A method of settling disputes outside of court by using the services of a neutral third party, who acts as a communicating agent between the parties and assists them in negotiating a settlement.
arbitration
(law) the hearing and determination of a dispute by an impartial referee agreed to by both parties (often used to settle disputes between labor and management)
