Chapter 3 Practice Test

The axons of certain neurons are covered by a layer of fatty tissue that helps speed neural tranmission.

This tissue is:A. dopamineB. the myelin sheathC. acetylcholineD.

an endorphin

Heartbeat, digestion, and other self-regulating bodily functions are governed by theA. voluntary nervous systemB. autonomic nervous systemC. sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous systemD.

somantic nervous system

A strong stimulus can increaseA. speed of the impulse the neuron fires.B. intensity of the impulse of the neuron fires.C.

Number of times the neuron fires.D. threshold that must be reached before the neuron fires.

The pain of heroin withdrawal may be attributed able to the fact thatA. under the influence of heroin the brain ceases production of endorphins.B. under the influence of heroin the brain ceases production of all neurotrsmitters.C.

during heroin withdrawal the brains production of all neurotransmitters is greatly increased.D. Heroin destroys endorphin receports in the brain.

The effect of a drug that is antagonist toA.

cause the brain to stop producing certain transmitters.B. mimic a particular neurotransmitter.C.

block a particular transmitter.D. Disrupt a neurons all-or-nothing firing pattern.

Which is the correct sequence in the transmission of a simple relfex?A.

sensory neuron, interneuron, sensory neuronB. interneuron, motor neuron, sensory neuronC. sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuronD. interneuron, sensory neuron, motor neuron

Voluntary movements, such as writing with a pencil, are directed by theA. sympathetic nervous system.B. somantic nervous system.

C. parasympathetic nervous system.D. autonomic nervous system.

A neuron will generate action potentials when it A. remains below threshold.B.

receives an excitatory inputC. receives more excitatory than inhibitory inputsD. is stimulated by a neurotransmitter

Which is the correct sequence in the transmission of neural impuls?A. axon, dendrite, cell body, synapseB. dendrite, axon, cell body, synapseC.

synapse, axon, dendrite, cell bodyD. dendrite, cell body, axon, synapse

Chemical messangers produced by endocrine glands are calledA. agonistsB.

neurtransmittersC. hormonesD. enzymes

In the brain, learning occurs as experince strengthens certain connections in call work groups calledA.

action potentialsB. neural networksC. endocrine systemsD. dendrites

In a resting state, that axon is A. depolarized, with mostly negatively charged ions outside and positively charged ions inside B. depolarized, with mostly positively charged ions outside and negatively charged ions inside C. polarized, with mostly negatively charged ions outside and positively charged ions inside D. polarized, with mostly positively charged ion outside and negatively charged ions inside

When Sandy scaled her toe in a tub of hot water, the pain message was carried to her spinal cord by the ____ nervous system A.

somatic B. sympathetic C. parasympathetic D. central

Why of the following are governed by the simplest neural pathways? A. emotions B.

physiological drives, such as hunger C. reflexes D. movements, such as walking

Melissa has just completed running a marathon.

She is so elated that she feels little fatigue or discomfort. Her lack of pain is probably the result of the release of A. ACh B. endorphins C. dopamine D.

norephinephrine

I am a relatively fast-acting chemical messenger that affects mood, hunger, sleep, and arousal. What am I? A. acetylcholine B. dopamine C.

norepinephrine D. serotonin

The neurotransmitter acetylcholine is most likely to be found A. at the junction between sensory neurons and muscle fibers B. at the junction between motor neurons and muscle fibers C.

at junctions between interneurons D. in all of these locations

The gland that regulates body growth is the A. adrenal B.

thyroid C. hypothalamus D. pituitary

Epinephrine and norepinephrine are _____ that are released by the _____ gland. A. neurotransmitters; pituitary B.

hormones; pituitary C. neurotransmitters; thyroid D. hormones; adrenal

The effect of a drug that is an agonist is to A. cause the brain to stop producing certain neurotransmitters B. mimic a particular neurotransmitter C.

block a particular neurotransmitter D. disrupt a neuron's all-or-none firing pattern

Chemical messengers produced by endocrine glands are called A. agonists B. neurotransmitters C.

hormones D. enzymes

In the brain, learning occurs as experience strengthens certain connections in cell work groups called A. action potentials B. neural networks C.

endocrine systems D. dendrites

You are able to pull your hand quickly away from hot water before pain is felt because A. movement of the hand is a reflex that involves intervention of the spinal cord only B. movement of the hand does not require intervention by the central nervous system C.

the brain reacts quickly to prevent severe injury D. the autonomic division of the peripheral nervous system intervenes to speed contraction of the muscles of the hand

Several shy neurons send an inhibitory message to neighboring neuron Joni. At the same time, a larger group of party going neurons send Joni excitatory messages.

What will Joni do? A. fire, assuming that her threshold has been reached B. not fire, even if her threshold has been reached C. enter a resting potential D. become hyperpolarized

Following Jayshree's near fatal car accident, her physician noticed that the pupillary reflex of her eyes was abnormal.

This MAY indicate that Jayshree's ____ was damaged in the accident. A. myelin sheath B. autonomic nervous system C.

pituitary gland D. somatic nervous system

I am a relatively fast acting chemical messenger that influences movement, learning, attention, and emotion. What am I? A. dopamine B. a hormone C.

acetylcholine D. glutamate

Since Malcolm has been taking a drug prescribed by his doctor, he no longer enjoys the little pleasures in life, such as eating and drinking. His doctor explains that this is because the drug A. triggers release of dopamine B. inhibits release of dopamine C.

triggers release of ACh D. inhibits release of ACh

Which of the following was a major problem with phrenology? A. It was "ahead of its time" and no one believed it could be true B. The brain is not neatly organized into structures that correspond to our categories of behavior C. The brains of humans and animals are much less similar than the theory implied D.

All of these were problems with phrenology

I am a relatively slow acting chemical messenger carried throughout the body by the bloodstream. What am I? A. a hormone B. a neurotransmitter C. acetylcholine D.

dopamine

Your brother has been taking prescription medicine and experiencing a number of unpleasant side effects, including unusually rapid heartbeat and excessive perspiration. It is likely that the medicine is exaggerating activity in the A. central nervous system B.

sympathetic nervous system C. parasympathetic nervous system D. somatic nervous system