Chapter 18 Vocabulary – World History

warriors for Islam

follower of the most successful ghazi, Osman

overlord or the one with power

conqueror and warrior that burned the powerful city of Baghdad to the ground and halted the expansion of the Ottaman empire by crushing their forces at the Battle of Ankara

leader that came to throne in 1451 and conquered the important city of Constantinople, the most dramatic feat in Ottoman history - changed Constantinople to Istanbul

policy under which the sultan's army drafted boys from the peoples of conquered Christian territories, educated them, converted them to Islam, and trained them to be soldiers

elite force of 30,000 soldiers that were trained to be loyal only to the sultan

a Shi'ite Muslim dynasty that ruled in Persia between the 16th and 18th centuries and provided a striking example of cultural blending

a Safavid military boy that seized what is now Iran when he was 14 years old; made himself king and became a religious tyrant

ancient Persian word for king

Safavid king that helped create a Safavid culture and golden age that drew from the best of Ottoman, Persian, and Arab worlds

capital of the Safavid empire built by Shah Abbas - was considered one of the most beautiful cities in the world - became a showplace for many artisans

Ottoman ruler came to the throne in 1520 and ruled for 46 years

member of the warlike tribes of Central Asia that descended from Muslim Turks and Afghans

inherited a small kingdom when he was only 11 years old but it was taken away from him by elders; later built an army and laid the foundation for the vast Mughal Empire

Babur's grandson that ruled India with wisdom and tolerance from 1556 to 1605

a nonviolent religious group whose doctrines contained elements similar to Hinduism and Sufism; saw themselves as an independent tradition and not an offshoot of another religion

Muhgal ruler that secured his throne by assassinating all possible rivals; had a passion for beautiful buildings and his wife, Mumtaz Mahal

memorial temple built by Shah Jahan for his wife,Mumtaz Mahal, after she died giving birth to her 14th child - has been called one of the most beautiful buildings in the world

third son of Shah Jahan that executed his oldest brother and arrested his father in order to claim the throne