ch3

which one of the following best describes the purpose of multicultural education

Each of the following is a major component or element of culture except

which one of the following provides the best description of curriculum-based measurement

tolerance is best described as

academic instruction is one of the two primary purposes of education. The other is

An IFSP refers to an

each of the following statements about parental adjustment and stress is true except

components of the family systems theory include each of the following except

The degree to which an individual family member is free to act independently of other family member is

an effective strategy in developing positive relationships with parents is for teachers to

Which one of the following components is part of the most recent American Association of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD) definition of Intellectual dabilities?

Claudia is a third grader with intellectual disabilities. She has thick epicntnal folds in the corner of her eyes, small stature, decreased muscle tone, speckling of the iris of the eye, a small oral cavity, a short broad hands with a single palmar crease. These characterisitcs are typical of

the ability to keep information in mind while simultaneously doing another cognitive task is

As a result of the emphasis on inclusion (FAPE in LRE), an increasingly frequent educational placement for students with intellectual disabilities is

Results from the Perry Preschool Project the Chicago Child-Parent Center Program and the Abecedarian Project Program indicate that

dyslexia refers to a severe impairment in the ability to

According to the federal definition, specific learning disability is a disorder that may include such conditions as the following EXCEPT

Students with learning disabilities have

which poses the most difficulty for most children with learning disabilities

A cognitive teaching method in which the teacher-student relationship is similar to that of an expert and an apprentice and in which the student gradually assumes the role of co-instructor for brief periods is

The most significant characteristic of exceptional learners is

At present about how many students in the US have received special education

Leslie is enrolled in a general education classroom, but receives instruction with a special education classroom for an hour a day. What type of service does Leslie receive?

The key to improving special education is

Schools must provide an individulalized program for each student who is eligible for special education. This means that

The legal term about placement of exceptional children in as typical environment as meets their needs is

Labels may assist people without disabilities in being more tolerant of those with disabilities by

Bill is a student with low vision. His teacher provides him with a set of large type notes at the beginning of each lecture. This is an example of

The concept of transition involves more than just employment. It has a broad emphasis to include

A process in which a student's response to scientific research-based intervention is determined is

The tendency to repeat the same behaviors over and over again is called

The ability to delay a response, to interrupt an ongoing response if it is inappropriate, and/or to protect a response from distracting or competing stimuli is

Which of the following statements about Ritalin is true?

Which statement about the brains of people with ADHD is true?

Each of the following is an intervention recommended by Cruickshank for teaching students with ADHD EXCEPT

The terminology proposed by the National Health and Special Education Coalition in 1990 was

The Federal definition of E/BD has been most widely criticized for its exclusion of children with

Two broad dimensions of behavior disorders are

Schizophrenia is associated with all of the following problems except

what percentage of the school-aged population exhibits serious and persistent emotional/behavioral problems, according to credible studies in the U.S. and other countries?

In the majority of cases, the cause of E/BD is

A biologically determined behavioral style is a

Despite problems in defining E/BD, most children with severe E/BD are easily recognized because

On standardized achievement tests, most students with E/BD perform

The most common problem exhibited by children with E/BD are

All credible conceptual models of education have two objectives. They are to

The placement of individuals with E/BD in the general education classroom is secondary to

Increasingly, researchers recognize that problem behavior occurs less frequently in the classroom when

Common patterns of behavior that signal problems in preschool are

Tad is a 15-year old youth with a long-standing history of school failure and serious behavioral offenses. He is currently in prison and receives no special educational service. A likely reason why Tad is not receiving services is that

Two broad dimensions of emotional/behavioral disorders are

causes of emotional or behavioral disorders may include

Two or more disabilities in the same individual is

Strategies that work from early intervention through transition balance academic and social skills. These strategies include

Authors of the textbook emphasize the importance of integrated services for students with emotional and behavioral disorder

someone who exhibits echolalia

executive functions include

effective educators of students with autism emphasize behavioral psychology in natural settings and in natural interactions

which of the following is true about autism spectrum disorder

children with Asperger Syndrome generally have

asperger identified children who had

each of the following is true of the APA definition of autism spectrum disorder EXCEPT

according to the Center of Disease Control and Prevention, how many people have an autism spectrum disorder

The best scientific evidence available indicates that the dramatic increase in prevalence statistics for autism is due to each of the following EXCEPT

cold, unresponsive mothers

which statement about the causes of autism spectrum disorder is true

Neurological research that involves the brain and head size of people with autism strongly suggests that for many

The American Academy of Pediatrics suggests that screening of children for autism spectrum can begin by the age of

Neuroimaging research on persons with autism indicates that

A mixing of sensory or cognitive systems whereby stimulation of one elicits stimulation of the other is

central coherence refers to

functional behavioral assessments is used to reduce or eliminate negative behaviors. The purposes the behaviors serve for a person are

The Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) focuses on

Each of the following is considered to be an essential feature of effective educational programs for preschool children with autism spectrum disorders EXCEPT

in many ways, outcomes for persons with more severe autism spectrum disorders are similar to those with

Which of the following is NOT an aspect of communication

Language disorders

Approximately what fraction of children who are identified for special education receives services primarily for speech or language disorders

Which one of the following is the best example of a language variation

Language abilities are basic to

Which theoretical perspective on language disorders applies to the following statement: Language disorders are a breakdown in ability to relate effectively to one's environment, and the natural environment can sometimes be arranged to teach and support more effective interaction.

language disorders are generally classified according to two dimensions

If a child exhibits language delay at 2 years of age

which one of the following is an articulation disorder

possible causes of voice disorders include all of the following except

the most common fluency disorder is

the primary role of the classroom teacher is to facilitate development of which aspects of language

dynamic assessment

A strategy to teach functional language skills in the natural environment

which condition reduces the effectiveness of strategy training for adolescents with speech and language disorders

encoding, or sending messages, is referred to as

decoding, or understanding messages, is referred to as

Authors of the textbook offer the following suggestion(s) for talking with students

Milieu teaching is

Select the correct statement

From the physiological perspective, distinction between "deaf" and "hard of hearing" is based on

According to the U.S. Department of education, what percentage of students is identified as deaf or hard of hearing

The most important organ for hearing is the

which of the following is assessed in a typical hearing exam

the most frequent viral cause of deafness in newborns is

When performance tests, rather than verbal tests, are used with people who are hearing impaired

Among students who are deaf, those who achieve the highest levels of literacy tend to have

Many members of the deaf community believe that inclusive educational practices are

The auditory-verbal approach encourages children with hearing impairment to

the total communication approach uses

The rationale behind a bicultural-bilingual approach is

FM systems are used in conjunction with hearing aids to

Many in the Deaf community believe that residential schools for children who are deaf are necessary to

The focus of early intervention for children with hearing impairments is in

Students who are deaf who do not go onto postsecondary training may face increased obstacles to employment in the future because

Many of the problems that people with hearing impairments have in school are due primarily to deficiencies in

the most important organ for hearing is the

otitis media is a/an

when performance tests, rather than verbal tests, are used,

the total communication approach utilizes

Which of the following is a way that Still's cases were similar to today's population of persons with ADHD

Which aspect of persons described as "hyperactive and distractible" did Werner and Strauss's research examine

According to the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention, what is the estimate for the percentage of school-age children with ADHD

Students with ADHD receive special education services under the Individuals with Disabilities ACT (IDEA) in which category

The basal ganglia and cerebellum are responsible for

Behavioral inhibition involves

Compared to students with other disabilities, students with ADHD

ADHD has been frequently shown to coexist with each of the following EXCEPT

All of the following are suggestions for teaching students with ADHD EXCEPT

In contingency-based self-management, the "contingency" is usually a type of

Psychostimulants

Research on the effects of Ritalin show each of the following EXCEPT

Momentary time sampling

diagnosis of young children with ADHD is particularly difficult because

Each of the following conclusions about adults with ADHD have been documented EXCEPT that

Which definition(s) of earning disabilities or learning disorders include(s) mention of neurological factors being a factor or possible factor

What method of identifying students as learning disabled for special education in the public schools is growing in popularity

In a typical school of a thousand students, about how many students with learning disabilities would you expect to find

Research using neuroimaging suggests that some cases of learning disability are caused by

John, Jim, and Ann are fifth grade students with learning disabilities. Which one of the following statements best illustrates the concept of interindividual differences

When writing creatively, students with learning disabilities tend to

Which of the following is highly associated with reading comprehension

What percent of children with learning disabilities do recent estimates indicate also have attention problems

Which one of the following problems best illustrates difficulty in metacognition

A method in which assistance is provided to students when they are first learning tasks, then gradually reduced until the students do the tasks independently is

Repeated readings is a technique specifically used to improve

All of the following are features of Direct Instruction EXCEPT

An informal reading inventory is used primarily to

Rather than talking about identification of learning disabilities at the preschool level, educators emphasize

In addition to a transition plan, federal law now requires that schools develop a(n)

In general, people who are blind

The cause(s) of visual impairments that primarily affect(s) children include(s)

The lower achievement scores of students who are blind or who have low vision are most likely due to

When guiding a person who is blind

The educational placement for students who are blind or with low vision that provides the most integration with children without disabilities

Even though he has visual acuity of 20/20, Jeff is considered legally blind. This is possible if he has

For educational purposes, individuals are considered "blind" if they

The prevalence of school-aged children considered visually impaired by federal government is

The structure in the eye that refines and changes the focus of the light rays is the

Janice is described as being able to detect some objects in the environment when they are fully lit. This is an example of a skill a vision teacher might note when performing a

The leading cause of visual impairment in children is

Most professionals now agree that the intelligence of people with blindness

The lower achievement scores of students who are blind or who have low vision is most likely due to

In people with blindness, stereotypic behaviors refer to

Approximately what percentage of school-age children use Braille as a primary reading method?

Use of compressed speech enables students with blindness to

An advantage of using guide dogs is that

Residential institutions remain a relatively popular means of service delivery because they

Professionals who work in early intervention programs for infants who are blind often recommend that initial efforts focus on

Each of the following is an accommodation that can be made on the job for those who are blind or who have low vision EXCEPT

Each of the following statements about the category of students referred to as having severe and multiple disabilities is true EXCEPT

Less than 1% of

Each of the following is a feature of definitions of TBI EXCEPT

Carl was 3 years old when he acquired TBI. Which of the following was the most likely cause of his brain injury?

CHARGE syndrome, Usher syndrome, and Down syndrome are

A condition in which a child s born with an abnormally shaped pupil and/or abnormalities of the retina or optic nerve nerve is

An inherited syndrome of deaf-blindness characterized by hearing loss and retinitis pigmentosa is

Most authorities agree that the biggest obstacle faced by persons with deaf-blindness is

In addressing the needs of students with deaf-blindness, to principles that practitioners and parents should emphasize are

Touching the hands or face of a student who is deaf-blind

An adaptation that may be used by a person who is deaf-blind to communicate with the public is

Madeline is 5 years old and has relatively normal cognitive skills. Her mother told her to pick up her stuffed bear and put it away. Madeline threw herself to the ground and began kicking and screaming. Madeline's mom put the bear away herself, telling Madeline,"OK, OK, calm down." Madeline quickly ended her tantrum and returned to playing. Which statement is true?

Positive behavioral intervention and support involves

Each of the following is considered a criterion essential for early intervention programs in special education EXCEPT

Each of the following is an example of vocational training that would likely occur in elementary school EXCEPT

Brain damage caused by internal compression, stretching, or other shearing motion of neural tissue within the head is a/an

select characteristics that are essential features of appropriate education for students with TBI

Most authorities agree that the biggest obstacle faced by persons with deaf-blindness is

_____ includes manual or electronic means by which a nonverbal person may express wants and needs, share information, engage in social closeness, or manage social etiquette

repeated physical self-abuse, such as biting, scratching, poking oneself, and head banging

impairments that a child is born with are referred to as

a condition that becomes more and more severe over time is

neuromotor impairments are caused by injury to

cerebral palsy is

abrupt, involuntary movements and difficulty in maintaining balance is known as

The intelligence of children with cerebral palsy is

All of the following are common causes of seizures EXCEPT

People with spinal bifida

Catheterization is necessary for individuals with

A lung disease characterized by episodic inflammation or obstruction of the air passages such that the person has difficulty breathing is

For most children with physical disabilities and other health impairments, a common cause of academic difficulties is

The greatest problem with using technology for people with physical disabilities is

which of the following is likely to be the least concern of early intervention for children with disabilities

in addition to communication, teachers of preschool children with physical disabilities should concentrate on

Supported employment is a situation in which a person with a disability becomes a regular employee, performs a valued function in a regular work setting, and

The primary distinguishing characteristics of children with physical disabilities are

select the accurate response about intellectual functioning of individuals with cerebral palsy

all the following procedures should be done if a student has a seizure in school except

an illness or condition that is ongoing and does not resolve even with medical treatment is

An increasingly common lung disease characterized y episodic inflammation or obstruction of air passages is

Characteristics of giftedness include

The terminology for an individual who has both a disability and a special gift or talent is

Additional experience provided to students without placing them in a higher grade is

synthetic giftedness

Students who are disadvantaged by economic needs, racial discrimination, disabilities, or gender bias are often overlooked in programs for gifted and talented students.

Today, as compared to several years ago, authorities recommend

Definitions of giftedness are shaped to a large extent by

What services are mandated by federal law for students who are gifted?

Federal reports and legislation have assumed that the prevalence of giftedness in the school population is about

according to research cited in the text, what is the relationship between giftedness and genetics?

In addition to IQ and achievement tests, what other method is commonly used to identify giftedness?

One of the worst misconceptions of the field of gifted education is the idea that

All the following are arguments have been used against special education for children who are gifted except that

A reason for a low percentage of students identified as gifted from low socioeconomic status and those living in remote geographical areas is

Research suggests that fair proportionality of ethnic groups identified for gifted education programs could be achieved if all of the following efforts are made except

The largest group of neglected students with gifts and/or talents is

Additional experiences provided to students without placing them in a higher grade are known as

Gifted and talented students do best when they receive instruction

Preschool children with special gifts and talents need the freedom to

Probably the central issue in the education of adolescent with special gifts and talents is that of