Certify Teacher Content EC-6 Science

Third planet from the Sun; largest of the terrestrial planets in the Solar System in diameter, mass and density. Supports life (hydrosphere, lithosphere, atmosphere)

The Solar System; the Sun and all the objects in orbit around it. Any collection of heavenly bodies including a star or binary star, and any lighter stars, brown dwarfs, planets, and other objects in orbit.

The Sun is a huge, glowing ball at the center of our solar system. The sun provides light, heat, and other energy to Earth. The sun is made up entirely of gas. The energy of the sun comes from nuclear fusion reactions that occur deep inside the sun's core.

A continuous stream of charged particles emitted from the Sun;can reach speeds 800 kilometers per second.

Magnetic storms on the Sun's surface which show up as a sudden increase in brightness.

The point upon which a planet turns

When the surface of earth faces the sun

When the surface of earth points away from the sun

Daily changes in ocean height due to gravitational attraction between the Earth and the moon.

The Moon goes out of view as it moves into the Earth's shadow; occurs during the Full Moon phase.

Event in which the view of the Sun is blocked by the Moon during a New Moon phase, when the Moon's shadow reaches the Earth.

The gas layer surrounding the Earth

A type of motion in gas or liquid when there is a temperature difference between separate regions. Warm air rises cool air sinks, this allows heat exchange.

The transfer of heat through gas through direct contact, (ex. Heating water bottom of pot is hot.)

The transfer of energy through a vacuum; the way in which the Sun supplies the Earth with energy.

Puffy, cotton-like clouds formed by rising air.

Layered, sheet-like clouds, usually associated with warm fronts and found at lower altitudes.

Very high clouds formed by ice crystals; look like feathers; usually associated with fair weather.

Large masses of air at the surface of the Earth with similar characteristics of temperature and humidity throughout the mass.

The boundary between two air masses.

The short term state of the atmosphere at a specific time and place, including the temperature, humidity, cloud cover, precipitation, wind, etc.

The effect that large ocean bodies have on the climate of locations or regions. This effect results in a lower range in surface air temperature at both daily and annual scales.

The overall temperature, precipitation, and weather conditions for an area.

Band of fast-moving air in the upper troposphere.

Maps that shows the weather in a specific area at a specific point in time.

The application of science and technology to predict the state of the atmosphere for a future time and a given location

Lithosphere (the rocks of the earth), hydrosphere (the waters of the Earth); the atmosphere (the gases that surround the Earth); and, the biosphere (the life on Earth).

Nonrenewable energy sources, such as oil, gas, or coal, derived from fossils; consist primarily of hydrocarbons.

Energy sources or other natural resources that are replenished shortly after being used.

Natural resources that cannot be replenished for millions of years, if at all.

Systems formed from the interactions between communities and their physical environments.

The use of zones of land for specific needs. (farming, industry, reserve) aims to alleviate pollution.

The wise use of water with methods ranging from more efficient practices in farm, home and industry to capturing water for use through water storage or conservation projects.

Substances that harm living organisms or the environment.

The hydrologic system, working with terrestrial systems, working with atmospheric systems.

An overall increase in world temperatures which may be caused by additional heat being trapped by greenhouse gases.

A material safety data sheet is a form with data regarding the properties of a particular substance.

National Associations of Biology Teachers

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms with the exception of some viruses. The main role of DNA molecules is the long-term storage of information. DNA is often compared to a set of blueprints, like a recipe or a code, since it contains the instructions needed to construct other components of cells, such as proteins and RNA molecules.

National Institute of Health is an organization that provides money for science research.

Outermost layer surrounding the Sun.

A small celestial body composed of rock and metal that moves around the sun; it has increasingly come to particularly refer to the small rocky and metallic bodies of the inner Solar System and out to the orbit of Jupiter.

A mass of frozen gases, ice, and rock that orbits the Sun.

A rock fragment orbiting in the solar system.

The curved path of movement an object follows as it travels through space.

The scientific method is a widely recognized series of steps that a scientist undertakes to answer a question and acquire knowledge about nature.

The energy of an object in motion

The stored energy of an object. The stored energy can be a result of position or height above the Earth's surface, the amount of stretching or compression of an elastic object like a spring or rubber band.

Mechanical energy is the sum of kinetic energy and potential energy of an object

The energy that occurs as a result of the bonds of chemicals. An excellent source of chemical energy is food.

Also known as heat, is the energy that occurs as a result in temperature difference.

The energy that occurs as a result of sound

The energy that occurs as a result of light

The energy that occurs as a result of the sun

Energy that occurs as a direct result of moving electric charges

Basic structure of living things that represents the primary level of organization in multicellular organism

Groups of similar cells that perform specific functions

Group of tissues that perform specific functions

Groups of organs that work together to perform specific functions

It refers to the ways of processing information and developing self awareness as it relates to the exploration of the environment though movement, sight, sound, and taste.

Are abnormal conditions of the body or mind that cause discomfort or distress to a body part, an organ, or the entire system.

Features that make up the earth's surface such as a plain, mountain, or valley.

Features that make up the earth's surface such as oceans, rivers, lakes, tides and so on.

Listed from earth up: (1) troposphere (2) stratosphere (3) mesosphere (4) ionosphere (5) thermosphere

(1)cooling causes precipitation (rain, sleet, snow, hail) to fall (2)water collects in lakes, streams, rivers, oceans, etc. (3)evaporation due to heat

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto. Here's a way to help you remember the order of the planets: My very elegant mother just served us nine pizzas.

Inner core, outer core, mantle, crust.

Mammary glands, lungs, hair, high metabolic rate/high body temperature.

Muscle, nerve, epithelial, connective, blood.

Digestive, circulatory, respiratory, excretory, nervous, reproductive, endocrine, skin , skeletal, muscular.

Plants go through a process of evaporation through their stomata in their leaves of excess water.

The method that plants use to transport various materials within themselves.

Animals, plants, protista (viruses and slime molds), monera (bacteria and algae), fungi.

Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species.

Kinetic, potential, thermal or heat energy, chemical energy, electrical, electrochemical, electromagnetic (light), sound, nuclear.

Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet.

The work done by an agent exerting a constant force along the direction of the displacement and causing a displacement; equals force x (times) distance the object moves.

It takes place through a four-stage process: egg, larva (also called a caterpillar), pupa, and adult.

The point at which a nerve impulse passes from an axon of one neuron to dendrite of another neuron

The core of a nerve fiber that sends out messages from a neuron

A thread-like projection of a neuron that receives incoming messages

A nerve cell

Best scale for helping students understand the concept of mass

Species that eat both plants and animals as their primary food source

Species that eat animals as their primary food source

Species that eat plants as their primary food source

The factor that most influences the change of seasons

Through the process of respiration, animals benefit the ecosystem by providing carbon dioxide needed by plants.

One of the main goals of using the inquiry method in science education is to encourage students to understand the process by which scientific hypothese are generated and tested.

A grid-like diagram used to help predict the results of genetic crosses

A unit of heredity located on chromosomes; determines what will be passed on by heredity.

A body in the cell nucleus that is a bearer of genetic information

The study of inheritable characteristics

The transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring

The process by which green plants use sunlight as a source of energy to convert carbon dioxide and water in the presence of chlorophyll to sugar with oxygen as a byproduct.

The point at which the mass of an object appears to be concentrated and the gravitational forces are balanced.

Any of the basic mechanical devices for applying a force

A collection of cycles, structures, and processes that interact

To identify which aspects of a new science topic are most difficult for students to understand, it is best to use informal observations and interviews; not surprise quizzes or peer reviews.

Preview activities with students to identify potential hazards and discuss ways to prevent injury (it is best to reinforce appropriate safety procedures than reminding students of science safety rules or posting them in a prominent place).

Teaches that children have to build their own scientific knowledge and understanding and that, at each step of science learning, they have to interpret new knowledge in the context of what they already understand.

Includes asking well-defined questions, formulating testable hypotheses, using appropriate tools and techniques to gather data, analyzing and interpreting information to construct reasonable explanations from direct and indirect evidence, and communicating valid conclusions.

Deserts are characterized by generally high temperatures (although they may be cold during nights and winters), low precipitation, and many adaptations to drought conditions.

The representation of objects according to how they appear in nature without idealization.

Igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic.

Rates hardness of rock.

Large deposits of ice (sometimes many miles across) that can move across an area leaving deep gashes in the earth.

Theory that the Earth's surface consists of about 20 plates that move, causing earthquakes, mountain formation, and spreading of areas.

When people settle new areas they often change their way of doing things in response to new geographic factors or they modify the landscape to suit their needs. As the number of people moving to Texas increased, the settlements spread west. The immigrants built homes of material readily available, including logs or sun-baked mud, thus adapting their lifestyles to match their environment

Annexation is the process of adding something. Representatives of the Republic of Texas recognized several advantages the young nation could gain if it gave up its status as an independent nation and agreed to annexation by the United States. The U.S. Congress passed a resolution to allow annexation on February 28, 1845, with several conditions including the need for Texans to hold a convention and an election to approve annexation and to write and adopt a new state constitution