Biology 102 Final – Old Test Questions

A pattern of evolution in which most change in appearance takes place during a relatively short period of time fits the ______ model of speciation.

The science of naming, identifying, and classifying organisms is called ______.

Thirty people are selected for a long-term mission to colonize a planet many light years away from Earth. The mission is successful and the population rapidly grows to several hundred individuals. However, certain genetic diseases are unusually common in this group, and their gene pool is quite different from that of the Earth population they have left behind. Which of the following phenomena has left its mark on this population?

Genetic drift is the result of ______.

According to the theory of endosymbiosis, which organelles evolved from small prokaryotes that established residence within other, larger prokaryotes?

Homology is evidence of ______.

Why is RNA thought to have been the first genetic material?

What name is given to the single supercontinent that formed near the end of the Paleozoic?

Scientists have warned doctors of the danger of their increasing use of antibiotics for treating minor illnesses. They are concerned because _____.

______ is an example of bioremediation.

The figure below shows what happens in insect populations when crops are sprayed with insecticides. This is an example of ______.

Which one of the following is the only domain that contains eukaryotes?

While examining a rock surface, you have discovered an interesting new organism. Which of the following criteria will allow you to classify the organism as belonging to Bacteria but not Archaea or Eukarya?

Which of the following is a characteristic of a population at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

______ is the study of the evolutionary relationships of organisms, past and present.

In The Origin of Species, Darwin argued that the mechanism of descent with modification was _____.

Which of the following is most likely to decrease genetic variation?

The modern synthesis was a fusion of ______.

Feathers in birds appear to have first evolved for insulation but later conveyed a new advantage in helping create light aerodynamic surfaces. This switch in function is an example of ______.

Eukaryotes that are not fungi, animals, or plants are classified in a "catch-all" category called ______.

All of the alleles of all of the genes within a population make up that population's ______.

Which of the following include the two classes of poisons produced by pathogenic bacteria?

The biological species concept cannot be applied to ______.

The idea that life regularly arises from nonliving matter is referred to as ______.

Which of the following is a species name?

Natural selection can be defined as ______.

Which of the following is an example of sexual selection?

The smallest unit of evolution is the ______.

Which prokaryotic group is most closely related to eukaryotes?

What organisms are most numerous on Earth?

What was the first stage of the process that led to the abiotic origin of life?

Which protozoan group consists solely of parasitic forms?

What does Darwinian fitness measure?

On what basis are populations assigned to the same biological species?

Which of the following would likely be the most difficult to kill were you to can your own food?

A reproductive barrier that prevents species from mating is an example of ______.

Bacilli are ______ prokaryotes.

Which of the following describes allopatric speciation? A) A male horse and a female donkey mate, producing a sterile

All prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms that photosynthesize fit into which nutritional category?

The two basic types of cells are ______ and ______.

Which of the following is a component of the fossil record?

A slimy layer of bacteria coating a surface is also known as a ________.

What theory states that all living things are composed of cells?

New branches form on the tree of life through the process of _____. A) speciation

The original source of all genetic variation that serves as the raw material for natural selection is ______.

The absence of ______ in the primitive atmosphere was essential to the origin of life on Earth.

Which of the following options lists taxonomic categories in the correct order from most specific to most general?

Analogous structures are evidence of ______.

Prokaryotes reproduce by means of ______.

Characteristics shared by both snakes and birds include ______.

Sharks are a type of ______.

______ are the most diverse group of arthropods.

Which of the following actions would increase your carbon footprint?

A(n) ______ is an example of a mollusc that does not have a shell.

The ______ helps plants retain water.

Which of these adaptations to a terrestrial existence evolved most recently?

The greenhouse effect causes an increase in global temperatures. This increase is primarily due to ______.

Which of the following is abiotic?

Permafrost, or permanently frozen subsoil, characterizes _____.

Which of these human characteristics evolved first?

Water-storing plants and deeply-rooted shrubs are plants that characterize ______.

The effect of deforestation is to ______.

What are estuaries?

What name is given to the seafloor?

What does the term tetrapod mean?

How do sponges differ from all other animals?

Where did humans first appear?

The mobile stage of the cnidarian life cycle is the ______ stage.

What level of ecology is concerned with both the biotic and abiotic aspects of an environment?

______ are seedless vascular plants.

______ are the mammalian group that lay eggs.

Ecology is the study of ______.

What name is given to the open ocean?

Which of the following is a characteristic of all chordates?

Swim bladders ______.

______ have radial symmetry.

Why does it make sense that many fruits are green when their seeds are immature?

Like plants, fungi have ______; however, in plants they are composed of ______, whereas in fungi they are composed of ______.

Which of these biomes is maintained by fire?

Gametophytes are ______; sporophytes are ______.

What are hyphae?

What is the primary source of energy for nearly all of Earth's ecosystems?

Mutualistic associations of plant roots and fungi are called ______.

Which of the following correctly illustrates the sequence of the origin of modern groups of plants?

What is the name given to the process by which a larva develops into an adult?

In an aquatic ecosystem, what name is given to the region where photosynthesis can occur?

What important role do fungi play in many ecosystems?

Most adult insects have three major body parts or sections. They are the

Nearly all ______ are aquatic.

Unique features of vertebrates include the presence of a(n) ______.

A true coelom is ______.

Which of the following can moderate climate by absorbing heat when the air is warm and releasing heat when the air is cold?

With regard to the environment as a whole, when is the worst time to apply pesticide to your lawn?

Among vertebrates, the unique feature of lampreys and hagfish is the ______. A) absence of a post-anal tail

A(n) ______ is an example of an invertebrate chordate.

What is a population?

Nearly all food plants are classified as ______.

Nutritionally, all fungi are ______.

Aquatic organisms ______.

The primary goal of conservation biology is to ___.

Why are most energy pyramids limited to 3-5 levels?

Modern conservation science increasingly aims to ___.

An assemblage of interacting ecosystems is a _____.

Integrated pest management ____

Which of these convert organic matter to inorganic matter by breaking down dead organisms?

In the food chain (grass -> antelope -> human -> lion), the human is ____

A demographic tool used to predict a populations future growth is

The number of individuals of a population unit per area is the

In terms of population, what is boom and bust cycling?

Humans are ____

Species only found in one area of the earth are called _____ species

The present rate of species loss _____

Species that exhibit an equilibrial life history typically ______

The major abiotic reservoir for phosphorous is

Rate at which organic matter is produced into an ecosystem is its _____

In order to asses the species diversity of a community, you would need to know the different number of species as well as

What form of carbon is incorporated into organic matter by producers?

Organisms at the first trophic level are ____

Biomass is the amount of _____ in an ecosystem

The ecological footprint of the USA _____

Bears eat berries, etc....

The Endangered Species Act aims to help protect species that _____

An unexpected freeze that kills a population of chipmunks is an example of

Which of these describes a Type II survivorship curve?

As a result of disturbance, a community will ____

In the absence of limiting factors, a population's growth follows a _____ growth model.

Which of these organisms convert atmospheric nitrogen gas to a form that can be utilized by plants?

In most developed countries, overall population growth rates _____

Which of these organisms are ultimately responsible.....

The death by bubonic plague...

Type I survivorship curves are typical of species that exhibit ____

Introduced species can have important effects on biological communities by ____

E.O. Wilson coined the term....

The intentional release of a natural enemy to attack a pest population is ____

Most plants have a variety of chemicals, spines and thorns because the plants _____

Small areas that have a large number of endangered species....

What is a population?

____ is the maximum population size that a particular habitat can support

Which of the following will decrease population size?

Single greatest threat to biodiversity comes from ______

Competition among the same species is _____ competition

An ecological footprint

The sum total of a populations of the biotic and abiotic resources of its habitat constitutes its _____

What is one way that chemical flow and energy cycling differ?

Sustainable development ____

A movement corridor _____

A community is composed of

An example of mutualism....