technology
The body of knowledge available to a society that is of use in fashioning implements, practicing manual arts and skills, and extracting or collecting materials
- schism - doctrinal differences
- A formal breach of union [within a Christian church] - Differences among a belief or set of beliefs held and taught by a church, political party, or other group.
textiles
A cloth, especially one manufactured by weaving or knitting; a fabric
epidemic disease
infectious disease that develops and spreads rapidly to many people significance:
- guilds - tax farming
- An association of persons of the same trade or pursuits, formed to protect mutual interests and maintain standards or A similar association, as of merchants or artisans, in medieval times. - is the principle of assigning the responsibility for tax revenue collection to private citizens or groups. significance: Tax farming occurred in Eygpt, Rome, Great Britain, and Greece. The principle was considered very effective for tax revenue collection but suffered from a tendency of the tax-farmers to abuse the taxpayer for collection. Only when the system included checks and balances for the tax-farmer as well as the taxpayer did the system seem truly successful.
- city-states - sovereignty
- A sovereign state consisting of an independent city and its surrounding territory. - Supremacy of authority or rule as exercised by a sovereign or sovereign state; Royal rank, authority, or power.
- mercenaries - diasporas
- Hired for service in a foreign army. - A dispersion of a people from their original homeland.
syncretism
Reconciliation or fusion of differing systems of belief, as in philosophy or religion, especially when success is partial or the result is heterogeneous.
tribute system
A system in which defeated peoples were forced to pay a tax in the form of goods and labor. This forced transfer of food, cloth, and other goods subsidized the development of large cities. An important component of the Aztec and Inca economies
infidel
One who has no religious beliefs or rejects a particular doctrine, system, or principle.