AP World History: Greece & Persia Vocabulary

-First powerful empire the world ever saw, strong military, wealthy; stretched from Mediterranean sea to Kush mountains

-Ended the reign of the Persian Empire (Achaemenid Empire); Conquered most of the Persian Empire

-Opened government offices for all citizens; wealthy officials could take part in the council

-Persian and Greek war started by Greece interfering with Persian affairs; After many failed attempts Xerxes conquered Athens

-Greek ideas and traditions were now influencing other civilizations such as the Phoenicians

-Formed elaborate theories and ideas; wrote about physics, biology, astronomy, politics, etc.

-Father of Athenian Democracy; Established a set of democratic ideas for other civilizations

-First King of Persia that launched the Persians' imperial venture; founder of the Achaemenid Empire

-Discouraged further Persian actions in Greece

-Sophisticated era in Greece where Greek education and culture improved and advanced

-First sophisticated society on the island of Crete; established ground for Myceneans

-Society that traded and later overpowered the Minoans; established settlements along the Greek Peninsula and Mediterranean sea

-Neighboring people Spartans conquered that did farming for Spartans

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-Civil War in Greece caused great tension between Sparta and Athens; Macedonia conquests of Greece easily made due to rivalry in Greece

-All forms of government; rule by the people(Democracy), rule by monarchs(Monarchies), rule by aristocrats(Aristocrats)

-Athenian leader that influenced the government; Under his leadership Athens became the most sophisticated Polis

-Greek philosopher; Elaborated a systematic philosophy of great subtlety

-City states in Greece; Athens and Sparta most important; Decentralized Rule

-Administrators for Persia; ruled over certain districts

-Athenian philosopher; Understood human affairs & human beings complexity

-Ruled many Poleis in Greece; gained pained power through irregular means

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-Persian King after Cyrus; extended the Persian Empire; built the Royal Road; greatest wealth during his reign

-Persian king that attempted and succeeded in going into Athens and conquering it

-Easy trade access led to wealth and easy transportaion for military