The economic and political situation in bangladesh

GEOGRAPHY Bangladesh is located in the Bay of Bengal in south Asia. To the West and north it is bounded by India ; to the sou'-east, it borders Myanmar.

It is preponderantly a low-lying flood plain. About half the entire country is actively deltaic and is prone to implosion therapy in the monsoon season from May through September. Theriver ganga flows into the state from the northwest, while from the north enters the river Jamuna. Dhaka is the capital metropolis and is near the point where those river systems meet. Hardwood woods are present in the Chittagonghill piece of lands.

The huge river delta country is home to the dominant fields civilization. The hilly countries of the nor'-east and sou'-east are occupied by much smaller tribal groups occusy mally hilly parts of the southeast. , many of which have strongly resisted domination by the national authorities and the population force per unit area from Bangladeshis who move into and try to settle in their traditional countries.DemographyBangladesh is the most dumbly populated nonisland state in the universe. With about 125 million dwellers populating in an country of 55,813 square stat mis, there are about 2,240 individuals per square stat mi.

The bulk of the population ( 98 per centum ) is Bengali, with 2 per centum belonging to tribal or other non-Bengali groups. Approximately 83 per centum of the population is Muslim, 16 per centum is Hindu, and 1 per centum is Buddhist, Christian, or other. Annual population growing rate is at approximately 2 per centum.Urbanization is scheduled quickly, and it is estimated that merely 30 % of the population come ining the manual labor force in the hereafter will be a portion of agribusiness, although many will probably happen other sorts of work in rural countries. The countries around Dhaka and Comilla are the most thickly populated.

Area: 147, 570 sq. kilometer.Cities: Capital -- Dhaka. Other metropoliss -- Chittagong, Khulna, Rajshahi.Terrain: Chiefly level alluvial field, with hills in the nor'-east and sou'-east.

Peoples

Nationality: -- Bangladeshi ( s ) .Religions ( 1998, CIA ) : Muslim 83 % ; Hindu 16 % ; Christian 0.3 % , Buddhist 0.6 % , others 0.3 % .

Languages: Bangla ( functionary, besides known as Bengali ) , English.Education: -61 % .Work force ( 70.86 million ) : Agribusiness, forestry, and piscaries -- 63 % ; fabrication -- 11 % ; excavation and quarrying -- 0.

2 % .. Bangladesh ahs a comparatively immature population, with the 0-25 age group consisting 60 % , while 3 % are 65 or older.The chief tribal groups outside the Hill tract are the Santhals and the Garos There are besides Kaibartta, Meitei, Mundas, Oraons, and Zomiethnic groups. Human trafficking has been a lasting job in Bangladesh ] and illegal in-migration has remained a cause of opposition with Burma [ and India.Health and instruction degrees have late improved as poorness degrees have reduced.

Bangladeshis chiefly are rural, populating on survival agriculture. Health jobs abound, runing from surface H2O taint, to arsenic taint of groundwater and diseases including malaria swamp fever and dandy feverPoliticssBangladesh is a unitary province and parliamentary democracy. Direct elections in which all people, aged 18 or over, can vote are held every five old ages for the parliament known as Jativ Sangsad The parliamentary edifice is known as the Jatiyo Sangshad Bhaban. Presently the parliament has 345 members including 45 reserved seats for adult females, elected from single-member constituencies. Bangladesh is governed by a multi-party parliamentary system of authorities.

The determination devising is exercised by or on the advice of the Prime Minister who instructs the support of the bulk members of Parliament and is appointed by the President. Other curates, province curates and deputy curates are appointed by the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister nominates the cabinet members from among Parliament members and tenth parts of the entire members are from outside of the Parliament. The cabinet is jointly accountable to the Parliament.The President 's powers are well expanded during the term of office of a authorities, which is held responsible for the behavior of elections and transportation of power.

The officers of the authorities must be indifferent and are given three months to complete their taskThe Fundamental law of Bangladesh was drafted in 1972 and has undergone 14 amendments. ] The highest judicial organic structure is the Supreme Court. Justices are appointed by the President. Laws are based on English common jurisprudence, but household Torahs such as matrimony and heritage are based on spiritual books, and are different for different spiritual communities.

The two major parties in Bangladesh are the Bangladesh Awami League and the Bangladesh Nationalist Party ( BNP ) . Khaleda Zialeads BNP and gets its support among Islamist parties like Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh and Islami Oikya Jot, while Sheikh Hasina 's Awami League aligns with left-of-center andsecularist parties. Student political relations is peculiarly strong in Bangladesh, Two extremist terrorist organisations, Jagrata Muslim Janata Bangladesh ( JMJB ) and Jama'atul Mujahideen Bangladesh ( JMB ) , were banned in February 2005..EconomyBangladesh is an agricultural state. Less than half the population is occupied in farming.

The land is used chiefly to rice and jute cultivation of rice, fruits and bring forth, although wheat production hasrisen in recent old ages ; the state is mostly self-sufficing in rice production. Bangladesh 's growing of its agro industries is due to its rich deltaic fertile land that depend on its six seasons and multiple crops..The most of import barriers to enlargement include frequent storms and inundations, inefficient state-owned endeavors, unequal port installations, a quickly turning work force that can non be sufficient for agribusiness, holds in working energy resources ( natural gas ) . Economic in many cases by political infighting and corruptness at all degrees of authorities. Progress besides has been blocked by resistance from the bureaucratism and other vested involvement groups.

The For higher GDP growing, investings in both public and private sectors will necessitate to be accelerated. The prevalent political and economic stableness has greatly encouraged investing in the private sector. The tendency of foreign direct investing is really encouraging.The authorities is committed to market economic system and has been prosecuting policies for back uping and promoting private investing and extinguishing unproductive outgos in the populace sector. A figure of steps have been taken to beef up the planning system and escalate reforms in the fiscal sector. The present authorities believe that wastage of resources is a far greater obstruction to development than insufficiency of resources.

It is known that corruptness has led to a lessening in the growing of the state. Besides terrorist act was allowed to stop dead jurisprudence and order. Administration was over centralized at the cost of local authorities establishments. The authorities has, hence, decided to deconcentrate disposal in the quickest possible clip.

GDP: buying power para - $ 230 billionGDP-real growing rate: 5.6 %

GDP-composition by sector:

agribusiness: 30 % .industry: 18 % .services: 52 % ( 2000 ) .Inflation rate ( consumer monetary values ) : 5.8 % ( 2000 )Labor force: 64.

1 million ( 1998 ) .Labor force-by business: agribusiness 65 % , services 25 % , industry and excavation 10 % ( 1996 )Unemployment rate: 35.2 % ( 1996 ) .

Budget:

grosss: $ 4.9 billionoutgos: $ 6.

8 billion, including capital outgos of $ NA ( 2000 ) .Industries: jute fabrication, cotton fabrics, garments, tea processing, paper newspaper, cement, chemical, light technology, sugar, nutrient processing, steel, fertiliser.Industrial production growing rate: 6.2 % ( 2001 )Agriculture-commodities: rice, jute, tea, wheat, sugar cane, murphies, baccy, pulsations, oil-rich seeds, spices, fruit ; beef, milk, domestic fowl.Exports: $ 6.6 billion ( 2001 )Exports-commodities: garments, jute and jute goods, leather, frozen fish and seafood.

Imports: $ 8.7 billion ( 2001 )Imports-commodities: machinery and equipment, chemicals, Fe and steel, fabrics, natural cotton, nutrient, petroleum oil and crude oil merchandises, cement.Currency: 1 taka ( Tk ) = 100 poisha.The division of labour is based on age and instruction.

Young kids are economically productive in rural countries, haling H2O, watching animate beings, and assisting with postharvest processing. The primary agricultural undertakings, nevertheless, are performed by work forces. Education allows an person to seek employment outside the agricultural sector, although the chances for educated immature work forces in rural countries are highly limited. A service or industry occupation frequently goes to the person who can offer the highest payoff to company functionaries.Bangladesh has made important paces in her economic sector since her independency in 1971.

Although the economic system has improved immensely in the 1990s, Bangladesh still suffers in the country of foreign trade in South Asiatic part. Despite major hindrances to growing like the inefficiency of state-owned endeavors a quickly turning labour force that can non be absorbed by agribusiness, unequal power supplies, and slow execution of economic reforms, Bangladesh has made some headroom bettering the clime for foreign investors and liberalising the capital markets for illustration, it has negotiated with foreign houses for oil and gas geographic expedition, better nationwide distribution of cooking gas, and the building of natural gas grapevines and power Stationss Progress on other economic reforms has been holding because of resistance from the bureaucratism, public sector brotherhoods, and other vested involvement groups. The particularly terrible inundations of 1998 increased the state 's trust on large-scale international assistance. So far the East Asiatic fiscal crisis has non had major impact on the economic system. World Bank predicted economic growing of 6.

5 % for current twelvemonth. Foreign assistance has seen a diminution of 10 % over the last few months but economic experts see this as a good mark for autonomy.