Systems analysis and design

New knowledge refers to inventions, scientific discoveries, architectural designs Etc. Functions and advantages of Office Automated Systems Generate MS document and presentations from external data.

Automatically send emails to customers from MS outlook. Ex Newsletters or Out of office. Improve control of information. Increase in office productivity.

Better utilization of human resources. Save time in performing various operations. In doing research I came across an office automation system that doctors use to control all the electronic equipment within the operating room.Such a device affords amplification to operating preparations and climate change.

Functions and advantages of Knowledge Work Systems Exist as specialized tools to support professionals. Be user friendly so that extended learning of an application may not be necessary. Programmers to create new Apple applications. Increase productivity of the professional. Allow simulations of real life applications with the use of Computer Aided Design/ Computer Aided Manufacturing. For Example.

A data worker can use an Office Automated System to analyze product sales statistics, manipulate these sale numbers using a spreadsheet and transform Hess numbers into information useful to the organization for forecasting and decision-making. Where as, an engineer can use a Knowledge Work System, to enter dimensions into a design system to help develop a new product that can be sold by the company. Using the design system, the engineer can take the following into consideration when creating a new product: materials to be used, durability, and effects on the environment. 2.Identify and describe the levels of the organizational hierarchy.

Which types of information systems serve each level? Use diagram(s) where appropriate. [1] The levels of the organization that can be identified are the operational level, the knowledge level, the management level and the statistical level. At the operational level, the types of information systems that serve this level are called Transaction Processing Systems. This system is used to process large quantities of data for routine business transactions and facilitates information that needs to be accessed immediately. For example inventory, sales, payroll, rate change etc.Characteristics of Transaction processing systems are rapid processing, reliability, standardization and controlled access.

At the knowledge level, the types of information systems that serve this level can either be the Office Automation Systems and or knowledge work systems. A. The office automation system supports data workers who do not create new knowledge but analyze, manipulate and transform data into a useful form that can be used by the organization. For Example Spreadsheet and word-processing. B.

The knowledge work system supports professionals that create new knowledge.For example Autocrat id software. At the Management level, the types of information systems that serve this level are Management information systems and decision support systems. These systems assist middle managers in tactical decision making of the organization or business wide strategies.

These decisions are necessary to position an organization in the market, better serve its customers' needs and realize profitability. These information systems allow sensitivity analysis, goal seeking analysis and what-if analysis, using data collected within the organization.At The statistical level, the type of information system that is used at this level is decision making and addressing unstructured problems within the organization. Unstructured problem relate to problems that occur based on the interaction with external environments and internal information. For example, how does movement in shareholders and stock prices affect the company's ability to make long-term investments in infrastructure to improve employee and customer satisfaction? Levels of the organization Statistical Level Management Level Knowledge Level Operational Level N.

B..The arrows show the hierarchy of an organization and its systems that are structured, semi structured and unstructured. 3.

Describe the relationship between TIPS, KS, MIS, ADDS, and SEES. Use diagram(s) The relationship between TIPS, KS, MIS, ADDS, and SEES can be best described as an interconnection of computerized information systems within an organization that are installed to increase productivity, decision-making and efficiency of business. This relationship highlights the flow of data from a structured to a semi structure and finally to an unstructured environment. The organization interacts with the environment where it gets its input.

The organization implements systems that allow effective operation and proficient manipulation of this input with the use of transaction processing systems. Knowledge work systems allows developers, designers and other professionals to create new products or services (new knowledge) that can best fit the organization's systems. Management information systems are computer systems that serve as a bridge between people, hardware and software. Working in unison, the use of one common database allows end users to interact, interpret and apply data within the organization.MIS serves as a data access hub between the operation/knowledge mangers tier and the senior management tier.

Decision support systems are computerized systems that are used to analyze data ND present data so that middle managers can make business decision more easily. The ADDS interacts with and can require information from the Transaction Processing Systems, Knowledge Work Systems AND Management Information Systems. The executive support systems are computerized systems that assist business executive in making decisions on a strategic level that impact the organization based on statistics of the past, present and forecasted future.Executive support systems require information gathered from the Transaction Processing System and The Management Information Systems.

4. List three roles that the systems analyst is called upon to play. Provide a definition for each one. [1/2] The Three roles that the systems analyst is called upon to play are: a. Consultant - the systems analyst acts as a consultant to humans and their business to address information systems issues of that business. As a consultant he or she is best suited recommend opportunities that exist within the organization.

B.Supporting agent - The systems analyst as a supporting agent can be defined as a person who is part of an organization employed under a relating systems field that an offer his/her expertise to assist in resolution hardware and software issues within the business. C. Agent of change - the systems analyst as an agent of change can be defined as someone who plays an extended role in analyzing, qualifying needs, designing, gathering system requisites and the development of an information system to improve productivity and efficiency of an organization. 5.What personal qualities are helpful to the systems analyst? Describe any four.

[1] The personal qualities that are helpful to a systems analyst are: a. The ability to maintain attention to detail. B. Good interpersonal and communication skills. C.

Must be a problem solver. D. Must have programming skills. E.

Creative f. Project management skills Following are the descriptions of the qualities that a systems analyst should possess. A. Good interpersonal and communication skills.

A systems analyst has the Job of analyzing and implementing new systems or changes to existing systems.He or she will have to be able to interact with the users to qualify their needs. By making users feel comfortable they may be open to divulging all necessary information that they "feel" necessary to complete their duties. Secondly, Systems analysts need to report information with his team, employees and possible trainees.

A systems analyst with great communication skills can effectively convey information to all parties involved in the life cycle of a designed system. B. Must be a problem solver.When dealing with information systems and end users, unforeseen circumstances may occur especially during a systems analysis and implementation stages.

Therefore a systems analyst must be able to come up with possible solutions while under duress and think outside of the box. C. Project management skills. A systems analyst must be able to work with different teams, manage time, schedules and resources to ensure the successful operation of 6. How are information technology services delivered in organizations?Describe the role played by programmers, systems analysts, information systems managers, and chief information officer (CIO).

[1] Information systems are delivered in an organization by means of computerized solutions aimed at increasing an organization's productivity, efficiency and by extension profitability as it interacts with the environment and individuals within the company. Example 1 . The Government's Inland Revenue department may use information systems to consolidate tax payment streams there may be many different outlets to provide customers with options of paying their taxes.By having one centralized system with specialized access control, the different levels of the organization can be served. Workers can access customer databases, collect their payment, apply payments to their accounts. Middle managers can give account for total payments received and outstanding.

Auditors can report and create new strategies as to improve tax collection. Senior managers can forecast and plan for the organization based on the circumstances of Jobs/unemployment or even effects of changing government. Example 2.In the telecommunications industry, information systems are delivered on based on the needs of its employees and customers.

This is to say that customers that need services and products enter a retail outlet and interacts with a sales representative. The sales representative uses a computerized system to qualify the customer, enter details about the customer and raise a sale order to provide the customer with service. The customer is given an account and his/her product. The customer pays for his product at a cashing station within the same outlet.

Using the account information and exists the store.What essentially happened within that transaction is that the information system allowed the account to be created, the payment to be reflected on that account, stock depleted and at the end of the day a report is printed to consolidate the days payments and product sales. Sales representatives that work on commission can track their commissions and sales using the statistical data from transactions processed. Store managers and middle managers rank sales persons, products and service sales ND manage cost of operating transactions within their respectful departments.

To date financial standings of the company.MS office applications, Smartness and Apex technology allows effective communication within the company. Senior management consolidates all reports and forecast the company's direction against shareholder investments. Describe the role played by programmers, systems analysts, information systems managers, and chief information officer (CIO). The role of a programmer is to write software applications that meet the needs of end users.

The programmer interacts with the systems analyst to create applications eased on the qualified needs of the users. In example 2, the program that is used is called LIBERATE.This program encompasses all interactions with customers and employees of a company. These interactions are sales, inventory, customer detail, payroll, reporting, scheduling and debt collection.

The roles of the system analyst are to analyze, plan, recommend, implement and maintain systems solutions for organizations and its end users. The roles of information system managers are to overseer and maintain the interaction between the users and their computerized systems, the flow of data thin an organization for decision-making, procedural documenting and development.