Radioactive Isotopes An isotope is one of two or more atoms with the same number of protons, and position in the periodic table, but different number of neutrons and physical properties. Isotopes have an unstable nucleus that decay suddenly by a release of nuclear electrons and radiation. This essay will be discussing one of the applications and uses of the radioactive isotopes, and it will also state one problem that radioactive isotopes can address. The radiation characteristically meet four kinds: alpha radiation, beta radiation, gamma radiation and x radiation.
Alpha radiation is weighty, that includes a very-short variety element and is in fact a homeless helium nucleus. Some examples of alpha radiation are radium, radon, uranium, and thorium. Beta radiation is weightless, has short-range particles and is in fact a cast out electron; some examples of beta radiation are strontium -90, carbon-14, tritium, and sulphur-35. Gamma and x radiation are extremely incisive electromagnetic rays. One of the problems I’ll be discussing and is actually solved by radioactive isotopes is a cancer cell.
Radiation therapy draws on high-energy radiation to damage on cancer cells by damaging their DNA, unfortunately it can also damage normal cells, so as a result the treatment must be circumspectly designed to reduce side effects. X rays offers huge advantages, counting the previous discovery of cancer and the opportunity of premature action, their use is linked with minute improves in cancer danger. In attendance the agreement vision is the profit of showing women over 50 years old, ignorantly prevail over the associated risks due to radiation experience.
Typical effective doses from diagnostic medical exposures in the 1990s Diagnostic procedure | Typical effective does in millisieverts | Equivalent number of chest x-rays| Approximate equivalent period of natural background radiation (1)| X ray examination: -| Limbs and joints (except hip)| <0. 01| <0. 5| <1. 5 days| Chest (single PA film)| 0. 02| 1| 3 days| Skull| 0. 07| 3. 5| 11 days| Thoracic spine | 0. 7| 35| 4 months| Lumbar spine | 1. 3| 65| 7 months| Hip| 0. 3| 15| 7 weeks | Pelvis| 0. 7| 35| 4 months | Abdomen| 1. 0| 50| 6 months| Intravenous urogram (IVU) | 2. | 125| 14 months| Barium swallow| 1. 5| 75| 8 months| Barium meal| 3| 150| 16 months| Barium follow through | 3| 150| 16 months| Barium enema | 7| 350| 3. 2 years| CT head | 2. 3| 115| 1 year| CT chest | 8| 400| 3. 6 years| CT abdomen or pelvis | 10| 500| 4. 5 years| Radio nuclides studies: - | Lung ventilation (Xe-133)| 0. 3| 15| 7 weeks| Lung perfusion (TC-99m)| 1| 50| 6 months| Kidney (TC-99m) | 1| 50| 6 months| Thyroid (TC-99m)| 1| 50| 6 months | Bone (TC-99m)| 4| 200| 1. 8 years| Dynamic cardiac (TC-99m)| 6| 300| 2. 7 years| PET head (f-18 FDG)| 5| 25| 2. 3 years|
There are 5 modern uses and applications of radioactive isotope, smoke detector, irradiation in pest control, food irradiation, medical uses, and agricultural application – radioactive tracers. I will be arguing the agricultural application-radioactive tracers by linking it with the factors and the local and global content. Agricultural application – radioactive tracers can be used to recognize chemical and biological procedures in vegetation. Radioisotopes are chemically the same with other isotopes of the identical element and will be replaced in chemical responses; radioactive isotope appearances of the onstituent can be simply noticed with such devices. Example: ? a solution of phosphate, containing radioactive phosphorus-32, is injected into the root system of a plant. Since phosphorus-32 behaves identically to that of phosphorus-31, the more common and non-radioactive form of the element, the plant uses it in the same way. A Geiger counter is then used to detect the movement of the radioactive phosphorus-32 throughout the plant. This information helps scientists understand the detailed mechanism of how plants utilized phosphorus to grow and reproduce.
Chemistry is connected to the compositions, properties, and the reaction in matter. Elements can help in agricultural applications by creating new substances in chemistry to improve our collections, the substance quality, production and the resistance time. By chemistry we can also have accurate proportions of chemicals, therefore they could produce the right substances, so later on chemistry could develop and improve agricultural application. Sustainable agricultural applications require a commitment to change public policies, economic organizations, and social values.
There are 5 economical, political and social contents; food and agricultural policy, land use, labor, and rural community development. Food and agricultural policy, government and award college investigate strategies might be customized to highlight the progress of sustainable options. Land use, educational land use connivers and judges, think that agricultural application is an important thing to do to be on your right side. Labor, it must be supported by many government policies in order to recognize the impotents of an element of the land grant colleges, and watchfully measured when charging the impact of new technologies.
Rural community development, economic development policies are needed to give the confidence by expanding the agricultural production on farmer families as a donation for healthy economies in rural communities. Sustainable agricultural rules can help further communities that meet employments of educational, health and social needs. A theoretical example of some of the factors affecting agricultural yields (the heavy red line): technology and management trends, innovation, policy, extreme factors and weather: -
Agriculture offers us with the food we all eat every day, but can you identify how those agricultural performs impact global warming? We all know that there are negative impacts of global warming, as well as positive ones. Negative impacts as Industrial agriculture's huge carbon footprint, Greenhouse gas emissions from fertilizer and pesticide use, and Land use changes and agriculture. Positive impacts as Carbon impounding in soils, Agriculture as carbon cap and storage, and Local food systems and greenhouse gas emissions. Bibliography: - * Web. 26 Feb. 012. ;http://www. chem. duke. edu/~jds/cruise_chem/nuclear/uses. html; * Web. 26 Feb. 2012. ; http://hps. org/publicinformation/ate/faqs/radiationtypes. html;. * Web. 26 Feb. 2012. ; http://wiki. answers. com/Q/What_is_the_importance_of_chemistry_in_agriculture ;. * Http://medicaldictionary. thefreedictionary. com/radioactive+isotope. Web. 26 Feb. 2012 * Web. 26 Feb. 2012. ; http://www. sarep. ucdavis. edu/concept. htm; * Web. 26 Feb. 2012. ; http://www. lef. org/protocols/cancer/radiation_therapy_01. htm;.
