The plan was unprecedented: A professor at UCLA, andhis small group of graduate students hoped to log onto the Stanford computer andtry to send it some data. They would start by typing "login," andasking by telephone if the letters appeared on the far-off monitor. On theirfirst attempt, the “L” and “O” were transmitted successfully, but afterthey typed the letter “G” the system crashed. From 1969 to 1983 a lot ofdifferent packet switching schemes were tried and TCP/IP is what grew OUT ofARPANET, not what started ARPANET. During most of the seventies, the protocolwas generally referred to as just the Network Control Protocol or NCP. The termInternet was probably first applied to a 1973 research program that culminatedin a demonstration system in 1977.
It demonstrated networking through variousmediums, including satellite, radio, telephone, ethernet, etc. using packetswitching. And this formed the roots of the Transmission Control Protocol andInternet Protocol (TCP/IP). But it was not until 1983 that all nodes on ARPANETwere required to use TCP/IP to connect to it. Also in 1983, the Department ofDefense moved the unclassified portions of the Data Defense Network to createMILLET. Then in January 1983, the ARPA Internet first appears and operation waspassed to the Defense Communications Agency.
The first operating,non-experimental, real live Internet with a capital network, was a militarynetwork with a couple of hundred computers connected to it. Universities and thegeneral public were not welcome on the ARPANET. It was a network for Departmentof Defense contractors and military sites. Then a group of military contractorswith strong ties to business and universities not on the MILLET were constantlyin a situation where many of their peers were not on the Net while they were on.They began campaigning for access for other researchers.
In 1984 the NationalScience Foundation established an office for networking. a number ofuniversities and research groups actually did get access to ARPANET. In 1993,Tim Lee created an interface to the World Wide Web he called Mosaic. The NSFactually funded further development of a Macintosh and Microsoft Windows versionof Mosaic through a grant to the University.
The first Microsoft Windows versionappeared about November of 1993. The Mosaic Web Browser put a pretty face on theInternet. You could navigate the World Wide Web by clicking on links with themouse. More importantly, it allowed users to add "players" for sound,video clips, or anything else they wanted to add. Today, advanced Mosaicbrowsers such as Netscape have added other functions quite beyond World WideWeb, including electronic mail.
Electronic mail, or E-mail as it is commonlycalled, was invented by Ray Tomlinson in 1971 as a way of sending messages ofthe Internet to other users on-line. His program for sending E-mail was calledSNDMSG, which stands for send message. Now E-mail has grown so much that nextyear people will send an estimated 6 trillion messages. A new use for theInternet that is influencing the lives of many Internet users is the creation ofE-wrestling leagues. E-wrestling is a type of game in which you create wrestlingmatches over E-mail. You can challenge other members of your E-fed (a group ofmembers in your league) by posting messages on the message board.
The othermember will then respond to your challenge by writing back on the message board.If the commissioner approves of the match then he will send an E-mail to the twomembers telling when the match will take place. There are two ways acommissioner can create matches, depending on the rules of your federation. Oneway is to write out the entire match.
This takes a long time and the results arebased on the opinion of the commissioner. The other way involves using acomputer to decide the winner. My federation uses “Zeus”, a computer programfound on the Internet, to simulate the matches. The good thing about this typeof match is it can be made quickly, the matches are fair and based on wrestlersattributes, and many gimmick matches can be downloaded off of the Net. Howeverthe match is made, the next step is for the commissioner to post the matchresults on the federation Web page.
To run a good E-fed, the commissioner needsto have a good knowledge of the Internet and knowledge of pro-wrestling.E-wrestling is becoming very popular. There are over ****** different E-feds onthe Internet, some with more than one hundred members. As the Internet andpro-wrestling continue to grow in popularity, E-wrestling can expect a similarincrease. This is why in the future E-wrestling will have an impact on many morepeople.
In conclusion, the Internet has grown from its humble beginnings to amassive network of networks. The Internet’s rich history will always bepreserved through the hundreds of sites on the Web dedicated to Internethistory. The Internet will continue to grow, and with this growth will come newadvances in technology. After 30 years the Internet is still not finished. Itwill keep getting bigger and better, until one day when a nuclear bomb destroysthe Earth, killing the entire population, but at least our software, hardware,information, and data will be safe.
