Institutes or laboratories usually conduct basic research which enhances the already existing scientific knowledge and can be further exploited for centralization. Modern biotechnological research has a long gestation period. The phase from development stage to centralization stage varies and accordingly the need of Institution or private/public sector varies. The stages Include basic research resulting In research leads; evaluation of research results: product and process development; commercial exploitation and dissemination in the market.
When successful biotech products (new technologies) are transferred not only the innovators get recognition but the industry to whom it is transferred gets recognition and can bring a change in economy of the country. It also provides better facilities thereby largely benefiting the population of the country. A very good example for study of centralization is the case of Bet cotton, the cotton plant with resistance to the dreaded pest, American ballrooms. In India Bet cotton was the first genetically engineered crop to be successfully transferred in the year 2002.
This technology was commenced in Just few hectares of land in 2002, and a decade later this area has increased to 93% of total acreage of 12 million hectares. This centralization has benefited not only the farmers but also the Indian Seed Industry. It impacted the economic status of the country through enhanced export. It also had an impact on ecological aspect by reducing the use of chemical insecticide and introducing new family of bio insecticide.
This not only led to innovation of new insect resistant variety but also opened new gates for research on same line.Following the example various other bio-insecticides were introduced. Today, the number of basic research conducted and the number of successful technology transfer has wide differences. Not all of the products that are innovated through R&D are commercially exploited or reaches the market.
This in turn Is a loss of new knowledge or innovation which can be harnessed for betterment of science and technology field. This loss also has great Impact on social state and economic status of the country.One of the main reasons for this difference Is lack of technology ululation and technology assessment for centralization. This sums up that technology transfer Is very Important part In centralization of biotechnology. It Is correctly stated as the lifeblood of bulling a sustainable biotechnology Industry.
By literature review, technology transfer Is defined as the series of linked satellites by which Intellectual capital and know how passes between organizations with a view to creating and developing viable product and services. Technology transfer is stagnancy of current techniques available.It is a bridge that connects basic research to industrial face of the country that is it converts latent stage of biotech to economically active step. Technology transfer can be mentioned as a key step for further evolution of biotech industry (esp.. In developing countries).
Biotech industry in co-operation with the technology transfer set-ups (units) could place India in a better place with facilities directly in contact with biotech (that is better healthcare, improved agricultural productivity, more foods and better affordability to the increasing population).There is a direct relation between number of technology transfer units and growth of biotechnology industry. This provides a baseline for conducting the study on impacts of technology transfer on the growth of biotech industry. Also, it can be hypothesized that successful tech transfer units are directly proportional to awareness and trained and skilled manpower. To prove this, a comparative study of technology transfer units in other countries is essential. The result of this study would be having a direct approach on technology transfer units ND their set up.
This would thereby help in counterclaiming of more and more new products, more high-quality Jobs, and an expanded economy. It requires a proactive approach that combines engaging researchers, promoting the technology, and encouraging potential industrial partners to use the technology. Hence to improve the growth rate of biotech sector in India it is important to invest more on increasing awareness and training of specific skill sets for technology transfer, which are indirect factor affecting growth of biotech industry.
