The effects of global warming is the increase in the average temperature of Earth's, grennhouse gases, aerosol , and solar variation. The most common of average temperature on earth are temperatures increase more slowly than land temperatures because of the larger effective heat capacity of the oceans and because the ocean loses more heat by evaporation.

Secondly, the effects of greenhouse is the process by which absorption and emission of infrared radiation by gases in the atmosphere warm a planet's lower atmosphere and surface.Human activity since the Industrial Revolution has increased the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, leading to increased radiative forcing from carbon oxide, methane, troposphere ozone, CFCs and nitrous oxide. The destruction of stratospheric ozone by chlorofluorocarbons is sometimes mentioned in relation to global warming. Although there are a few areas of linkage, the relationship between the two is not strong.Reduction of stratospheric ozone has a cooling influence on the entire troposphere, but a warming influence on the surface.

Thirdly, an aerosol is produced by volcanoes and pollutants. These aerosols exert a cooling effect by increasing the reflection of incoming sunlight. The effects of the products of fossil fuel combustion carbon oxide and aerosols have largely offset one another in recent decades, so that net warming has been due to the increase in non carbon oxide greenhouse gases such as methane.Lastly, Variations in solar variation have been the cause of past climate changes. solar forcing affect temperatures in different ways.

While both increased solar activity and increased greenhouse gases are expected to warm the troposphere, an increase in solar activity should warm the stratosphere while an increase in greenhouse gases should cool the stratosphere.