There are many differences between spoken language and written language. For example in spoken language it is conveyed by sound, as you hear and listen to it. Where as in written language in is conveyed by written symbols. Also in Spoken language it is more likely to contain non-standard English, however in written language It is more likely to mantain standard english. In spoken language it often contains 'errors' as it is unedited and fairly realistic, in written language mistakes and errors are less tolerated. There are many types of Spoken Language, for example idolect, socialect and dialect.
An idiolect is an individuals own personal language. Some people have a varied vocabulary, some people are very repetitive. Some people are long winded, some are straight to the point. So it is slang that an individual person may use. Sociolect is a dialect spoken by a group of people usually divided by social class. In the UK, some people sound very "posh" which means they use a higher class dialect, and some people sound "common" which refers to a lower more working class dialect.
Dialect is a type of language characteristic to a group of people (usually defined by a country or area).Welsh, for example is a dialect of English in the UK. So is Irish. Oc is a dialect of southern france. for example someone from Newcastle may say "Way Aye" and In my on idiolect i use phrases such as "Flaming Nora" and "Vile". Words like this are usually infuenced by T.
V, family, friends or other people that you may be around alot of the time. Someones idiolect may change depending on who they are around, for example i am more formal towards my family and teachers. However to close friends i am more informal and use slang. Sometimes there may be a specicific language for a workplace.We will be looking at spoken Language of TV chefs Nigella lawson and Jamie Oliver,and seeing how their language reflects their image, audiences and social attitudes.
Both of these two chefts have different images and audiences. For example Jamie Oliver is seen as the Naked Chef because he explains that his way of cooking was to strip everything down to the basics of cooking. He doesn't make things fancy and elaborate as many chefs were doing,instead he would simplify the method of cooking so that anyone could do it quickly and easily. He is targeted towards a younger audience that respond better to that method of viewing.Nigella Lawson is known as the 'Domestic Godess' because she is seen as being sophisticated and soothing as a goddess would be. She is targeted to an older audience as not many young people would aspire to be like her and she may come across as intimidating using standard english.
Jamie Oliver has a very distinctive essex accent. When qualified chefs are speaking some people would expect that they would have quite a formal manner. Where as his voice and his accent makes him come across as more familiar to the viewer. His voice could come across as comforting to certain people.Jamie is usually shown on channel 4, which is seen as a channel based towards young people compared to a channels such as Channel 1 and 2.
Some people may find his accent and informal manner as innapropriate for channels such as channel 1 and 2. In the past regional accents were not very exectable or common for telivision. Now they are more common on the television screens which shows that there has been a change in social attitudes. Nigella comes across with a very different approach. Her recieved pronunciation reflects her upring in a middle to upperclass family.
It comes across like she is very sophisticated and educated, which my put faith it the veiwer and trust what she is saying. This links in with the points of her being a 'Domestic Goddess' as that is the vibe she gives across to the viewer. She is usually aired on channel 2 which is a more sophisticated channel targeted towards older adults and usually shows news and documentaries ect. Jamie has his own specific idiolect and uses phrases such as 'Dead Simple' and 'malarcy' these words are seen as quite informal however may be comforting to the viewer.This makes jamie come across as very colloquial, which builds a relationship with the viewer. His laid back effort and vibe can come across as friendly which could interest you more into watching him.
Jamie Oliver has a social attitude, he speaks as if he's having a conversation not a formal event for example he does not use standard english when he is cooking which can bring his knowledge down to the viewers level and make it easy for them to understand. Nigellas language and her idiolect reflects her image, and upringing as we've specified before.Neither of the two use much occupational sociolect which can make it easier for the viewer to understand. Within the transcript that we are using for the two Chefs, Jamie uses plently of fillers within his sentences which again makees him come across as not very formal. He uses phrases such as "um" and "er" this could be because it doesn't seem rehearsed or practices and it comes across as realistic and not planned. Although this could make you doubt him, as you would not have trust in his instructions.
Within Nigellas transcript the absense of fillers shows a more polished and arguably sophisticated sounding broadcast.The purpose of this could be to reflect her image of the "domestic Goddess". The pace at which she talks is very slow and controlled, with ease when cooking and her refined spoken language refines this. However Jamies transcript was littered with fillers, this may be because his image as "naked chef" suggests a more natural and authentic approach to cooking there for he wouldn't need to come across in a formal mannor. Within Jamies transcript he repeats his words quite a few times. For example he uses the word "brilliantly" 3 times in the same sentance for the viewer to have faith in him, and his instructions.
Also it really puts emphasis on what he is saying to show how passionate he is about his cooking. Within Nigellas transcript she repeats the word "incredibly" again to put emphasis on the certain section that she is talking about. The structure of the two Chefs in the video is different to a recipe because usually in a recipe it is introduced with ingredients, and they tell you step by step what you have to do and all the things that you have to prepare. Where as in a situation like this, the Chefs just tell you as you go along because you can see what they're doing and it saves time.
