The term "social movements" was introduced in 1850 by the German Sociologist Lorenz von Stein in his book "History of the French Social Movement from 1789 to the Present 1850, (the french revolution period). some sociologist like, Charles Tilly claims that the "social movement" did not exist before the late eighteenth century: although such elements as campaigns, social movement repertoire and WUNC displays has a long history, only recently had they been combined together into a proper social movement. The "social movement" was invented in some countries like England and North America countries.
Social movements are a type of group action. They are large informal groupings of individuals and/or organizations focused on specific political or social issues, in other words, on carrying out, resisting or undoing a social change modern Western social movements became possible through education {the wider dissemination of literature}, and increased mobility of labour due to the industrialisation and urbanisation of 19th century societies. It is sometimes argued that the freedom of expression, education and relative economic independence prevalent in the modernWestern culture is responsible for the unprecedented number and scope of various contemporary social movements. Social movement has brougth into the society many effects which arouse from urbanization which are ; mass movement of people from the farms to industrial areas (industrialisation), capitalism, high working hours and been paid starvation wages, high level of crime, improved technology, polution and others. All this listed above have both directly and indirectly affect the political evn to the extent of genital segregation.We have seen many situations were by women are discriminated politicaly (on political sexism) there is also what is regarded as Occupational sexism: this refers to any discriminatory practices, statements, actions, etc.
based on a person's sex that are present or occur in a place of employment. One form of occupational sexism is wage discrimination) and this is a defect on the principle of human rights and principle of impartiality.The women of our mordern world believes that they should be involed in political, conomical, and social matters of there countries and we have seen greate women like: Mary McAleese President, Ireland, Condoleezza Rice U. S.
secretary of State, Wu Yi Chinese vice Premier and you would Imagine a woman like Hillary Rodham Clinton who is contesting for the post of the president of the United State America which is one of the superpowers of the world. Also imagine a woman like Oluwafunmilayo of Nigeria and finally the first woman president in Liberia Johnson Salleaf no wonder they love saying what a man can do a woman can do better.A woman activist once said Women are the only oppressed group in our society that lives in intimate association with their oppressors, although they face a lot of challenges but are always determined for success most of them believe that great women are women born with supernatural determination. No matter what might come there way they are not move, this made me remember a prolific activist in Nigeria Dora Akwueli who was made managing director of NAFDAC, within three months three of there offices were burnt and she also had a death threat on her.
