1. Consider the situation of Lynda, Michael and Kyle. Explain how each employee’s situation relates to Equity Theory. 2. Explain the motivation of these three employees in terms of the Expectancy Theory of motivation. 3. Explain how you would attempt to motivate each employee in the coaching session if you were Mark Forest. Use the case study information, as well as motivation theories of your choice and research evidence from the literature to justify your recommendations. References: Provide a minimum of eight (8) recent references (no older than 2005).
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Case Study – Buddy’s Snack Company Buddy’s Snack Company is a family-owned company located in the Rocky Mountains. Buddy Forest started the business in 1951 by selling homemade potato chips out of the back of his pickup truck. Nowadays Buddy’s is a $36 million snack food company that is struggling to regain market share lost to Frito-Lay and other fierce competitors. In the early eighties, Buddy passed the business to his son, Buddy Jr. , who is currently grooming his son, Mark, to succeed himself as head of the company.
Six months ago Mark joined Buddy’s Snacks as a salesperson, and after four months he was quickly promoted to sales manager. Mark recently graduation from a local university with an MBA in marketing, and Buddy Jr. was hoping that Mark would be able to implement strategies that could help turn the company around. One of Mark’s initial strategies was to introduce a new sales performance management system. As part of this approach, any salesperson who receives a below-average performance rating would be required to attend a mandatory coaching session with his or her supervisor.
Mark Forest is hoping that these coaching sessions will motivate employees to increase their sales. This case describes the reaction of three salespeople who have been required to attend a coaching session because of their low performance over the previous quarter. Lynda Lewis Lynda is a hard worker who takes pride in her work ethic. She has spent a lot of time reading the training material and learning selling techniques, viewing training videos on her own, and accompanying top salespeople on their calls. Lynda has no problem asking for advice and doing whatever needs to be done to learn the business.
Everyone agrees that Lynda has a cheery attitude and is a real “team player,” giving the company 150 percent at all times. It has been a tough quarter for Lynda due to the downturn in the economy, but she is doing her best to make sales for the company. Lynda feels that failure to make quota during this past quarter is due not to lack of effort, but just bad luck in the economy. She is hopeful that things will turn around in the next quarter. Lynda is upset with Mark about having to attend the coaching session because this is the first time in three years that her sales quota has not been met.
Although Lynda is willing to do whatever it takes to be successful, she is concerned that the coaching sessions will be held on a Saturday. Doesn’t Mark realize that Lynda has to raise three boys by herself and that weekends are an important time for her family? Because Lynda is a dedicated employee, she will somehow manage to rearrange the family’s schedule. Lynda is now very concerned about how her efforts are being perceived by Mark. After all, she exceeded the sales quota for the previous quarter, yet she did not receive thanks or congratulations for those efforts.
The entire experience has left Lynda unmotivated and questioning her future with the company. Michael Benjamin Michael is happy to have his job at Buddy’s Snack Company, although he really doesn’t like sales work that much. Michael accepted this position because he felt that he wouldn’t have to work hard and would have a lot of free time during the day. Michael was sent to coaching mainly because his customer satisfaction reports were low; in fact, they were the lowest in the company. Michael tends to give canned presentations and does not listen closely to the customer’s needs.
Consequently, Michael makes numerous errors in new sales orders, which delay shipments and lose business and goodwill for Buddy’s Snack Company. Michael doesn’t really care because most of his customers do not spend much money, and he doesn’t think it is worth his while. There has been a recent change in the company commission structure. Instead of selling to the warehouse stores and possibly earning a high commission, Michael is now forced to sell to lower-volume convenience stores. In other words, he will have to sell twice as much product to earn the same amount of money.
Michael does not think this change in commission is fair, and he feels that the coaching session will be a waste of time. He believes that the other members of the sales team are getting all of the good leads, and that is why they are so successful. Michael doesn’t socialize with others in the office and attributes others’ success and promotions to “whom they know” in the company rather than the fact that they are hard workers. He thinks that no matter how much effort is put into the job, he will never be adequately rewarded.
For three of the last five years Kyle was the number one salesperson in the division and had hopes of becoming promoted to sales manager. When Mark joined the company, Kyle worked closely with Buddy Jr. to help Mark learn all facets of the business. Kyle thought this close relationship with Buddy Jr. would assure his upcoming promotion to the coveted position of sales manager, and he was devastated to learn that Mark received the promotion that he thought was his. During the past quarter there was a noticeable change in Kyle’s work habits.
It has become commonplace for Kyle to be late for appointments or miss them entirely, not return phone calls, and not follow up on leads. His sales performance declined dramatically, which resulted in a drastic loss of income. Although Kyle had been dedicated and fiercely loyal to Buddy Jr. and the company for many years, he is now looking for other employment. Buddy’s Snacks in located in a rural community, which leaves Kyle with limited job opportunities. He was, however, offered a position as a sales manager with a competing company in a larger town, but Kyle’s wife refused to leave the area because of her strong family ties.
