Analysis about Health and Social Care

Within this unit, I will be showing great knowledge of Human Growth and Development through the life stages.

I will also be considering careers in Health and Social Care sectors as it assists with understanding the needs of individuals whom are at those different stages of life. This unit will be focusing on life events and the debate surrounding nature/nurture. Explain the potential effects of five different life factors on the development of an individual- P2 This has been attached to this assignment sheet separately.Discuss the nature-nurture debate in relation to the development of an individual- M1 What is nature and nurture? It has been reported that the use of the terms "nature" and "nurture" as a convenient catch-phrase for the roles of heredity and environment in human development can be traced back to 13th century France.

Some scientists think that people behave as they do according to genetic predispositions or even "animal instincts. " This is known as the "nature" theory of human behaviour. Other scientists believe that people think and behave in certain ways because they are taught to do so.This is known as the "nurture" theory of human behaviour.

Fast-growing understanding of the human genome has recently made it clear that both sides are partly right. Nature endows us with inborn abilities and traits; nurture takes these genetic tendencies and moulds them as we learn and mature. End of story, right? Nope. The "nature vs. nurture" debate still rages on, as scientist fight over how much of whom we are is shaped by genes and how much by the environment.Nature The coding of genes in each cell in us humans determine the different traits that we have, more dominantly on the physical attributes like eye colour, hair colour, ear size, height, and other traits.

However, it is still not known whether the more abstract attributes like personality, intelligence, sexual orientation, likes and dislikes are gene-coded in our DNA, too. Nurture The nurture theory holds that genetic influence over abstract traits may exist; however, the environmental factors are the real origins of our behaviour.This includes the use of conditioning in order to induce a new behaviour to a child, or alter an unlikely behaviour being shown by the child. According to John Watson, one of the strongest psychologists who propose environmental learning as a dominating side in the nature vs. nurture debate once said that he can be able to train a baby randomly chosen in a group of 12 infants, to become any type of specialist Watson wants.

He stated that he could train him to be such regardless of the child's potentialities, talents and race.Those on the side of nature maintain development is driven by genes, maturation, innate factors etc. while those on the side of nurture maintain development is driven by the environment, parents, peers, teachers, rewards etc. In terms of the nature side of things in relation to development. It also works for the need to look at brain development after birth, for instance; differentiation, which is the neurons taking on different functions. This is triggered by environmental stimulation and hormones and one needs to be exposed to specific stimuli and specific times.

It is undeniable that all learning affects the brain and its structure. Also, one's specific language is not imprinted in their DNA. One must learn it over time, though the ability to learn language in the first place is believed to be innate. One only adapts when faced with different environments but remember it's not a simple case of both. There is continuing effort to discover which aspects of development are affected by what features of nature and nurture and how they interact.

Look up also experience-expectant development (exemplified in how they treat strabismus. Also look at critical periods for language acquisition.The nature-nurture debate is concerned with the extent to which particular aspects of behaviour are a product of either inherited (genetic) or learned characteristics. Some philosophers and theorists have argued that we are just born to be the way we are. Whereas other theorists have argued that it is the way we are brought up and influenced by our surroundings that makes an individual the way they are.

The nature side of the debate believes that it is inherited factors which have the greatest impact on our development. It has long been known that certain physical characteristics are biologically determined by genetic inheritance.The colour of your eyes, if you have straight or curly hair, the pigmentation of your skin and the inheritance of certain genetic diseases such as Cystic Fibrosis are all a function of the genes we inherit. These biological factors are said to determine an individual's development and characteristics. Genes program the chemical basis of our biology; they provide the instructions for structuring amino acids which in turn influence the proteins within our body cells.

Our body shape and size as well as behaviour depend on the interaction of our biology and environmental factors.Things such as height, weight, hair loss (in men), life expectancy and vulnerability to specific illnesses e. g. breast cancer in women are positively correlated between biologically related individuals. Many characteristics are easy to see, e.

g. red hair, long fingers, however it isn't as easy to find out how much intelligence or personality is determined at birth. Earlier this century psychologists claimed that intelligence was inherited, however today there is still debate about how much effect heredity has on intellectual development.Characteristics and differences that are not observable at birth, but which emerge later in life, are regarded as the product of maturation. The maturation theory is that some aspects of development, such as the ability to speak a first language are thought to be due to an inbuilt genetic process. Children naturally become interested in the sounds and signs that they see around them and the ability to speak develops.

Many people speculate as to whether psychological characteristics such as behavioural tendencies, personality attributes and mental abilities are also programmed in, before we are even born.Nurture is all about how the people or things around an individual influence them. It is all about what care and love they offer to someone to help them grow as a person. Such as, in the DVD Genie was left alone in a dark room for 13 years with no attention what so ever from both parents. This meant she never learnt how to speak due to the fact she got no nurture or communication.

Also within the DVD with Erick and the dogs he did develop slight language as he was able to communicate with the dogs and did form small attachments to them due to the fact they were almost like a pack.With all the different ideas and theories that go around the nature and nurture debate and with what one is more important to an individual, it is safe to say that they are both equally important to a person due to the fact they both have their own roles on how a person grows and develops. The nature-nurture debate is concerned with the extent to which particular aspects of behaviour are a product of either inherited (genetic) or learned characteristics. Some philosophers and theorists have argued that we are just born to be the way we are.Whereas other theorists have argued that it is the way we are brought up and influenced by our surroundings that makes an individual the way they are.

This debate that is regarding the nature and nurture has been going on for many years and is still unresolved. Many theorists believe what we have inherited and our genes, makes us the way we are and how we develop. Other theorists believe it is the way we are brought up and our experiences, that make us the way we are and how we develop. The way we look can be argued to be mainly due to nature.

The genes we inherit from our parents make the basis of we look.For example, most individuals would say that they look a lot like one of their parents; genetic inheritance can determine an individual’s eye colour, whether we have straight or curly hair or how tall we will be. We can also inherit certain diseases which can seriously impact on our health; this could be diabetes, cancer and other illnesses. However, we can make decisions on how we look and change our appearance. There are many different cosmetic procedures available to alter our appearance. How we live our life and the choices we make can also have an impact on how we also look.

Eating junk food and not exercising can lead to obesity.The environment we are brought up in and the experiences we have, can influence our health which contributes to physical development. An example of how nature and nurture affect our physical development is; we may carry genes that increase our risk of developing type 2 diabetes, but if we eat a healthy diet and get sufficient exercise, we may not develop the disease. The genes for characteristics we inherit are called genotypes. The actual express of these characteristics are phenotypes. The phenotypes are what decide our physical traits such as; eye colour and height, they can be seen.

Genes we inherit can affect our health. For example, a daughter is more likely to have breast cancer if her mother has had it. However, our life choices and the environment can increase our chances of having breast cancer. For example, if we smoke.

Evaluate how nature and nurture may affect the physical, intellectual, emotional and social development of 2 stages of the development of an individual- D1 I’m relating my P1 from assignment 1 into the D1 because I’m using my individual of their life stages.I’m going to use my individual “Trina” in her childhood stage and... Nurturing is vital to Trina’s development and any other child, a secret ingredient that enables the children to grow physically, mentally, socially, emotionally, culturally, and spiritually. It doesn't matter if Trina had been provided with a healthy diet, adequate shelter or medical care, if she had not been adequately nurtured as well, her health and development will generally suffer.

It's a good thing, that nurturing children is one of the more fun and rewarding parts of raising a family.Nurture activities allow the parents of Trina to express their creative, loving, and playful sides as they help her to grow and learn. There isn’t a single or proper way to nurture a child. Trina’s parents, anxious to do their best, worry that they may not be adequately nurturing Trina, or that they may not be nurturing her the right way. By its nature nurturing is a creative and spontaneous activity that can take many forms.

Most activities parents engage in that show Trina that she is loved will be an effective act of nurture.It is important that her parents encourage and select nurturing activities that will help her to develop properly, but in most cases, her parents will naturally and spontaneously be drawn to select and provide her with nurturing activities that will accomplish this goal. Trina will begin to just think that her Mum and Dad want to play and to enjoy time together. She won't know that her parents are actually trying to teach loving lessons towards her. Some parents fail to bond adequately with their children, and as a result find the act of nurturing their children to be something they have to force rather than something that comes naturally.

Trina’s parent’s wasn’t failing at bonding with her, they done as much as they could with Trina which means they brought her up in a nurturing environment. Throughout nature, in the childhood, it could be seen that the genetics have been delayed, and within the development of their bodies. Trina had developed from both her family and education. Her family had taught her as much as they could and then it carried on with the learning within her education, this is how she had started developing.Also throughout where Trina had lived, shows a big part within her lifestyle, showing the environment that she lived in, making sure that it was suitable for her, physically she was able to be going out with friends from school environments and in the local area, playing games and meeting new people.

When Trina was younger, she didn’t live within a low income, her dad went out and got the money forward for the family and home, whilst the mother was being caring and being a mother and house wife providing food on the table for Trina, her husband and other children.Nature is responsible for the growth of a person from the fetus level till development into a normal adult, this had helped Trina to grow up through her infancy stage, into her childhood, adolescence, adulthood then then entering elderly. The genetic makeup of a human being is responsible for their sex, skin colour, colour of their eyes and hair as well as distinguishing features which are inherited, this had made Trina to who she is, what she looks like and the personality of herself. Nature can only assist in the growth of a fetus into a normal well-developed adult who may have inherited some special talents.It can be concluded that nature uses the genetic coding to help in physical development and does impart some positive or negative traits to a Trina.

However, it is nurture which can be utilised to improve positive traits and diminish the effect of negative traits within her as well. It is very important to recognise that nature in the form of inherited traits does exist but an individual’s overall behaviour is influenced by nurture or upbringing and the environmental factors involved in this upbringing. There have been several recent studies carried out on infant and child behaviourhave shown that there is significant evidence to support the fact that nurture strongly influences human development especially in the early years of infancy and childhood. Trina’s parents had encouraged her to take part in activities like learning music, dance or sports in accordance with her talents and interests.

The talents have been given by nature but they can only be developed into skills through the hard work of nurture. Nurture plays another big role in early human development. Nurture in some way or another speeds up an individual's capacity to study and learn new things.There for Trina can improve knowledge by practicing to adapt to all creations in these circumstances or the environment that she is living in. The part which nurture plays in human development has been demonstrated in experiments in which stepping practice was administered to a inference for just a few minutes many times within a day. In conclusion I have shown how Nature and Nurture have been a big influence on my individual and any other person, it plays a big part within everyone’s life and makes you who you are and then having to extend it within your environment.