Read Chap. 2 as background for the following tasks. For each task, respond as indicated: Jennifer's Choice comes up as a recurring scenario in the chapter. Which of the author's arguments analyzing her choice (generalization, utilitarian or virtue) do you find most convincing? Explain why in a paragraph.I find utilitarian analysis to be most convincing. I believe that when perceiving future outcomes the most effective way to come to a conclusion is by weighing it by how many would benefit and how many will suffer.
In life there is a common understanding that everyone will not win however if more are winning than losing than it creates some form hope and trust in the human behavior. This option includes the greater good of the masses which in history has proven to be an acceptable condition.Prepare two-to-three paragraph answers to the following exercises. Use management by exception - address just those rules which apply to the scenario. Generalization Exercise 3 (p.
14)According to the generalization test the reason for an action should be consistent, based on ones’ understanding of how the world works, with the assumption that everyone who has the same reason will act the same way. In the situation of the ambulance driver it may appear that the ends justify the means however the promise to the public is not kept. In this case when an ambulance is flashing lights it signifies to the public that there is a medical emergency therefore citizens abide by the law and make way for the ambulance vehicle.In this particular situation the reasoning for the flashing of the lights is not what is understood by the public or how the world works as it pertains to the relationship between emergency vehicles and citizens.
Therefore, is unethical as well as defaulting on the promise to the public. So in essence because the act is legal every EMT with the same given reasons might perform the same actions however the factor of how the world works eliminates the situation from being a general consensus. Utilitarian Exercise 23 (p. 20)Relocating will pass the utilitarian test.
Every company with the given circumstances would relocate. This action would be justified because it is a general consensus therefore passing the generalization test. As far as utility goes closing the plant in Hondo, Texas would cause a large population of the city to become unemployed however opening a plant 15 miles away would create jobs for many others and prevent the company from being fined which prevents a decrease in profitability. This option is only ethical option that is available to create a greater utility overall and meets the other conditions for rational choice.When viewing the situation in a utilitarian perspective one must predict the conclusion of the entire situation and well as satisfy what is inherently good to the masses.
In this particular situation it is difficult to identify what is exactly considered inherently good. Perhaps happiness, which could equate to the happiness received by all those who would be obtaining employment at the new plant as well as the stakeholders and shareholders who would express happiness by avoiding the loss of profits to fines. Virtue Exercise 25 (p. 23)From the situation it can be concluded that George has a moral obligation to the town of Cedar Valley as well the employees.
The town members as well as the employees trust him as a professional accountant that he will act in an ethical manner as it pertains to his field of expertise. George has previously noted to headquarters that the automation would not benefit the plant therefore releasing account information that states that is would benefit would not only be dishonest but it unknowingly alters the relationship between George and his boss as well as George and the residents of Cedar Valley.The virtues at hand here are trust and loyalty. If George is to create a false accounting statement for the benefit of the company but at the cost of dishonesty to others than his act is unethical.
As an accountant his professional moral obligation, in the eyes of others, is to provide accurate financial statements. However, in this particular case, George is forced by superiors to go against this obligation. Read the classic Milton Friedman article from the NYT. From the article text find an example of each of the following themes, and write a paragraph explaining Friedman's arguments relating to the theme.
