Functions of guidance

The progress of human thought and consciousness of self and his world, has led to globalization. Global situation makes life more competitive and open opportunities for men to achieve status and the level of a better life. The positive impact of global conditions has encouraged people to continue thinking, improving skills, and are not satisfied with what was accomplished at this time. The negative impact of globalization, unrest among the people living in an increasing because of the conflict, stress, anxiety, and frustasi.Dengan so, we must realize that life and our lives decorated with problems, either problems that come from ourselves as well as problems who come from outside. However, with strong intentions and assistance from a counselor within the scope of guidance counseling will be successfully completed (to solve) the problems faced.

Problem Formulation

1. What sense guidance? 2. What understanding of counseling? 3. What sense of guidance counseling? 4. What is the purpose and function of guidance counseling in life?

Goal

The purpose of the paper writing guidance and counseling as follows: 1. Mengetahui understanding guidance. 2. Mengetahui understanding of counseling. 3. Mengetahui and assess the understanding guidance counseling. 4. Mengetahui purpose and function of guidance counseling in everyday life.

Definition of Guidance

Guidance is given to individual assistance from an expert, but not so simple to understand the meaning of the guidance. Understanding neighbor formal guidance has been cultivated since at least the early 20th century, initiated by Frank Parson in 1908. Since it appears neighbor formulation guidance in accordance with the development of guidance services, as a typical job that occupied by enthusiasts and experts. Understanding the guidance put forward by the experts to give the sense that complement each other.So to understand the meaning of the guidance needs to consider the notion advanced by some experts as follows:"Guidance as assistance provided to individuals to be able to choose, prepare and assume a position and making progress in his chosen position" (Frank Parson, 1951).

Frank Parson formulate guidance in understanding some aspects of the guidance given to individuals to enter an occupation and achieve progress in the office. This understanding is still very specific career-oriented."Counseling helps individuals to better recognize the various information about itself" (Chiskolm, 1959).

Understanding guidance dikemukan by Chiskolm that guidance to help individuals understand themselves, understanding focuses on understanding the potential of self-owned."Tutoring is an activity that aims to increase the personal realization of every individual" (Bernard & Fullmer, 1969).

The definition put forward by Bernard & Fullmer that guidancedone to increase the realization of individual self. Can be understood that the guidance to help individuals to actualize themselves with their environment."Guidance as education and development that emphasizes systematic learning process" (Mathewson, 1969).

Mathewson suggested guidance as education and development that emphasizes the learning process. This understanding emphasizes education and guidance as a form of self-development, the desired goal is obtained through the learning process.

From some of the understanding guidance put forward by the experts it can be concluded about a broader understanding of the guidance, that guidance is:"A process of providing assistance to individuals in a sustainable and systematic, conducted by an expert who has received special training for it, intended for the individual to understand himself, lingkunganya and can set yourself up and adjust to the environment to be able to develop her potential in an optimal fashion to well-being of himself and the welfare of society "

Understanding Counselling

Counselling is a process of assistance made by an expert (called counselors) to individuals who have something problem (called konsele) that lead to the teratasinya problems facing clients. The term was first used olehFrank Parsons in 1908 when he made a career counseling. Furthermore, also adopted by Carl Rogers who then develop an approach but based on the client (client centered).While counseling by Prayitno and Erman Amtidalam book Basics Guidance Counseling (2004:105) is the process of assistance is done through counseling interview by an expert (called counselors) to individuals who are experiencing a problems (called clients) which leads to the problem teratasinya faced by clients.

Accordingly, Winkel define counseling as the most basic set of activities from guidance in an effort to help the counselee / clients face to face with the aim that the client can take responsibility for themselves on various issues or special problems.Based on the above understanding of counseling can be understood that the counseling is helping counselee / clients face to face with the aim that the client can take responsibility for themselves on various issues or special problems. In other words, improved problem faced by the counselee / client.

Definition of Guidance Counseling

Definition of guidance counseling is assistance services to both individual students / groups to be independent and develop optimally in personal relationships, social, learning, career, through a variety of services and supporting activities on the basis of prevailing norms. Accordingly, any guidance would have counseling and counseling is not necessarily any guidance.

Purpose and Function Guidance counselingGeneral

a. Tujuan The general objective of Guidance and Counselling service is consistent with the objectives of education as stated in the Law on National Education System (UUSPN) Year 1989 (Law no. 2 / 1989), namely Indonesia full realization of an intelligent man, a faithful, and devoted to God One God and virtuous noble character, knowledge and skills, physical and spiritual health, a stable and independent personality and a sense of civic responsibility and nationality (MOEC, 1994: 5).

b. Specific ObjectivesIn particular, Guidance and Counselling Service aims to assist students to achieve development objectives include aspects of personal, social, learning and careers.Private Tutoring - is intended to achieve social goals and personal development tasks - social in realizing that taqwa personal, independent and responsible. Learning guidance is intended to achieve the objectives and tasks of educational development. Career guidance is intended to make workers more productive private.

In terms of its nature, Guidance and Counselling service can function as:

a. Function Prevention (preventive)Guidance and Counselling Service can function prevention means: an attempt by the prevention of the problem. In this preventive function of services provided in the form of assistance for students to avoid the various problems that may hinder its development. Prevention activities that function can be either orientation programs, career guidance programs, inventory data, and so forth.

b. Understanding the functionUnderstanding the function in question is the function of Guidance and Counselling which will produce an understanding of something by certain parties in accordance with the purposes of developing students' understanding of these include:

1) Understanding of self-esteem, especially by the students themselves, parents, teachers and guidance counselor. 2) An understanding of the environment students (including within the family and school environment), especially by the students themselves, parents, teachers and guidance counselor. 3) An understanding of the wider environment (especially in it information on education, position / job and / or career information and culture / values, especially by students.

c. Function ImprovementAlthough the function of prevention and understanding have been made, but students may still face certain problems. This is where the repair function plays a role, namely the function of guidance and counseling which will result in splitting or teratasinya various problems experienced by students.

d. Functions Maintenance and DevelopmentThis function means that the Guidance and Counselling service provided to help students maintain and develop the whole personality in a steady, focused, and sustainable. In this function the things that are considered positive in order to keep good and steady. Thus, students can maintain and develop the various potentials and positive conditions in the framework of development is steady and sustainable.

Conclusions

1.Pengertian GuidanceGuidance to help individuals to better recognize the various information about itself

2.Pengertian Counselingprocess of assistance is carried out through interviews counseling by counselors to clients who are experiencing a problems that lead to the problems faced by clients teratasinya

3.Pengertian guidance counselingAssistance services for learners (individual / group) for independent and develop optimally in personal relationships, social, learning, career, through a variety of services and supporting activities on the basis of prevailing norms.

4.Tujuan and Function Guidance Counselingaims to help people to achieve development objectives include aspects of personal, social, learning and careers.In terms of its nature, Guidance and Counselling service can function as:

a. Function Prevention (preventive)Pencegaha function is prevention of the problem.

b. Understanding the functionUnderstanding the function in question is a function that will generate an understanding of self, environment, and the wider environment on the client.

c. Function Improvementrepair functions are functions of Guidance and Counselling which will result in splitting or teratasinya various problems experienced by clients.

d. Functions Maintenance and DevelopmentThis function means that the Guidance and Counseling services are provided to assist clients in maintaining and developing the whole personality in a steady, focused, and sustainable.

Function Guidance and Counselling is:

Understanding the function, ie function of counseling, guidance and help counselees to have an understanding of his (potential) and environmental (education, occupation, and religious norms).Based on this understanding, counselees are expected to develop her potential in an optimal, and adapt themselves to the environment is dynamic and constructive. Preventive functions, namely functions relating to the counselor's efforts to continuously anticipate any problems that might occur and attempt to prevent it, so that is not experienced by the counselee.

Through this function, the counselor will provide guidance to the counselee about how to act or refrain from activities that endanger themselves. The technique can be used is the orientation services, information, and guidance of the group. Several problems need to be informed to the counselee in order to prevent the occurrence of unexpected behavior, including: the dangers of alcohol, smoking, drug abuse, drop out, and free sex (free sex).

Development function, which is a function of guidance and counseling more proactive nature of the functions of another. Counselors strive to create a conducive learning environment, which facilitates the development of counselee. School counselors and personnel / other Madrasah in synergy as teamwork collaborate or cooperate to plan and implement programs in a systematic and continuous guidance in an effort to help the counselee achieve their development tasks.Guidance techniques that can be used here is the ministry of information, tutorials, group discussion or brainstorm (brain storming), home room, and field trips. Healing functions, namely functions of guidance and counseling which is curative.

This function is closely related to efforts to provide assistance to the counselees who have experienced the problems, both related to aspects of personal, social, learning, or career. The technique can be used is counseling, and remedial teaching. The distribution functions, namely functions in guidance and counseling to help counselees choose extracurricular activities, majors or courses of study, and consolidate control of your career or job that interests, talents, skills and other personality traits. In performing this function, counselors need to work closely with other educators within and outside educational institutions.

Adaptation functions, ie functions to assist the implementers of education, head of School / Madrasah and staff, counselors, and teachers to tailor educational programs to educational background, interests, abilities and needs of counselees. By using adequate information about the counselee, counselor / counselor can help teachers in treating appropriately counselees, both in selecting and preparing material for School / Madrasah, selecting methods and learning processes, and develop teaching materials in accordance with the capacity and speed counselee.

Adjustment functions, namely functions in guidance and counseling can help the counselee to adjust to the self and environment in a dynamic and constructive. Repair function, namely the function guidance and counseling to help the counselee so it can fix the mistake in thinking, feeling and acting (willed). Counselor to intervene (to treatment) to the counselee in order to have a healthy pattern of thinking, rational and have the right feelings so that they can deliver them to act or will of a productive and normative.

Facilitation functions, providing convenience to the counselee in achieving optimal growth and development, harmonious and balanced in all aspects of self-counselee. Maintenance functions, namely functions of guidance and counseling to assist the counselee in order to protect themselves and maintain a conducive situation that has been created within him. These functions facilitate the counselee to avoid conditions that would cause a decrease in productivity alone. This function is realized through the implementation of programs that are interesting, recreative and facultative (options) in accordance with the interests counselee There are some basic principles that are considered as the cornerstone or foundation for counseling services.