As an important part of social institutions, it gives definition based on different views and perspectives. It categorizes and explains the nature of marriage and family. These also classifies the different types of family, marriage patterns as ell as the patterns of family according to residence, decent and authority of both parties in one household. Defines and explains method of marriage dissolution, alternative family forms, characteristics and functions of the family.Moreover, at the end of this module it is further analyzes marriage and family based on the transitions and problems in a family life, wherein it is cited that family violence, child abuse, and psychological and personal problems are the common cause of problems among families. After Completing the lesson, the students will be able to: .
Enumerate the given methods of marriage dissolution; and 2. Differentiate the 12 patterns of Marriage.Discussion: As we define basic concepts, specifically those of marriage, family and kinship, the family stands at the centre of social life, linking the individual to school, church, and the nation. It transmits basic norms and values. Therefore, the family is often called a major building block of society (Boom, et al, 1990). Kinship ties are connections between individuals, established either through marriage or through the lines of descent that connects blood relatives (fathers, mothers, offspring, grandparents, and etc.
) (Giddiness, et al, 2003).Marriage is a union between a man and a woman such parents (Cotta, 2008) Definitions of marriage According to Solaced, et al(2001), marriage is an institution admitting a man and a woman to family life. It is sexual and economic union; usually between a man and a woman. It is a social institution under which a man and a woman establish their decision to live as husband and wife by legal commitments and religious ceremonies (calculate, 2006). 3 Xavier, et al (2002), added that aside from being sociological, marriage has also a legal percept that is both statutory and constitutional.
Statutory in the sense that provisions of marriage was adopted pursuant to executive order no. 209 approved and signed into law by then revolutionary president Carbon Aquinas, on July 6, 1987. In the religious concepts, Solaced (2001) cited that marriage is a sacrament (sacred institution) whose main purposes are to beget, rear an educate children to maintain a permanent social relationship with mutual responsibility to each spouses. Cultural norms as well as laws identify people as a suitable or unsuitable marriage patterns (Mansions, 1999).
Palsies (2007), enumerated two major marriage patterns and these are the following: 1 .Monogamy- the most common and universal form and this involves the union of a man and a woman. 2. Polygamy- this form refers to a plural union where an individual is married to several individuals at the same time.
Polygon- marriage of one man to two or more women at a time. Polyandry- marriage of one woman to two or more men at the same time. Group marriage- marriage of several men and several women at a time. 4 Aside from the two marriage patterns mentioned, Panic, et al (2007) enumerated two other marriage patterns which is rarely practiced in the other countries, and these are the following: 1 .Adoptive marriage- this form of marriage found n Japan. The main purpose of adoptive marriage is to preserve the surnames especially in those wealthy families.
There are instances; However families only have daughters and therefore the lineage stops with them. To offset this, the prospective son-in-law is adopted by the family before the weeding takes place; thus his surname is changed into that of the bride's family. When they get married there is no need for the bride to change her surname. 2. Fictive marriage- this is practiced by Inure Tribe of Africa.It is a union between two women, an older and a younger one.
It is more likely that the older woman have been divorced by her husband because of her being barren, and since it is difficult to live by herself she decided to marry a young one. This younger one is allowed to have a relationship with a man, and their children will be considered as the children of the couple. 3. Sister exchange- a man cannot be allowed to marry unless the sister of bridegroom agrees to marry the brother of the bride.
4.Bride capture- marriage pattern wherein the relatives of the bridegroom assist in relatives in turn, see to it that she does not be "captured". It is often illustrated with a foeman dragging the "captive woman" by the hair with one hand, while holding a club with the other. 5 Panic, et al (2007), added other forms, which are considered as second marriages: 1 . Corporate marriage- referred to a sister-in-law marriage. A man remarries his deceased wife's sister.
2. Levitate marriage- referred to a brother-in-law marriage. A woman marries the deceased husband's bother. 3.
Ghost marriage- this is similar to Levitate marriage.The difference lies with the fact that children by the second marriage is considered to be sired by the dead husband. The deceased husband's brother acts as a surrogate. Some marital norms promote EXOGAMY, the practice of seeking a husband/wife outside one's own group. In contrast, ENDOGAMY a marriage between people of the same social category which limits marriage prospect to others of the same age, race, religion or social class (Mansions, 1999).
In non-industrialized societies some engages with INCEST, which refers to sexual relations with someone considered to be a close relative (Cotta, 2008).However, in every culture there are rules guiding marriages, one of which is called INCEST TABOOS, a norm forbidding marriage between close relative www. Saturdays. Com. Solaced, et al (2001) stated that as a sacrament, marriage is inviolable bond which can only be dissolved upon the death of one spouses. In the Philippines, Xavier, teal (2002), identified ways in our laws wherein marriage could be dissolved for as long as the grounds for dissolving the bond is present.
The family code which was adopted on August 3, 1988 provide the following methods: Legal separation and Annulment of marriage. According to Calculate (2006), Annulment of Marriage is the process which makes the marriage contract null and void, in which case, the law sees that no marriage has taken place. While Legal Separation is an action taken by one spouse who believes that the marriage has no more hope of working. Since there is no divorce in the Philippines , and so to get out of unhappy or failing marriage, legal separation is the only resource. A husband or a wife may file a petition for legal separation's on one or several of the reasons listed in the Family Code.
The first of these refers to repeated physical violence or abusive conduct. The receiver of such violence may be the petitioner or the common child or the child of the petitioner http:// www. Plenipotentiaries. Com/legal/legal-separation-in-the-Philippines/ Another teeth of marriage dissolution is Divorce, Mansions, (1999) identified Divorce as the breakdown of of communication that lies TA heart of failing relationships. Xavier, et al during the eleventh congress filed on March 8, 1999 and authored by Representative Manuel C. Ortega of La Union Providing for the grounds of divorce in the Philippines.
Below is the list of the most frequently recognized legal grounds for divorce in the country arranged in order of the number of states recognizing their validity: 7 Adultery Desertion Cruelty Bigamy Drug Addiction Felony Conviction Pregnancy at marriage (if unknown Fraudulent Control Impotence Insanity o husband) Alcoholism Violence Indignities Neglect to provide Moreover, Calculate (2006) added another method of marriage dissolution which he identified as Desertion. It is when one spouse simply abandons the other by leaving the conjugal home without provisions for financial and other responsibilities. Self-check- Test Lesson 1 : The Nature and Meaning of Marriage A. Multiple Choice Directions: Choose a letter of the correct answer.
A. Legal separation b. Annulment of marriage c.. Divorce d.
Desertion 1 . The term refers when one spouse simply abandons the other by leaving the conjugal home without provisions for financial and other susceptibilities. Contract null and null and void, marriage has taken place. 2. The process which makes the marriage in which case, t he law sees that no 3. It is the breakdown of communication of that spouse who believes that 9 B.
Multiple Choices the marriage has no more hope of working. Directions: choose a letter of the correct answer from the box. Write your answers on the space provided for each number. A. Monogamy g. Polygamy m.
Polygon b. Sister- exchange h. Bride capture n. Incest c. Corporate marriage l. Adoptive marriage o.
Incest taboos d. Levitate marriage J. Fictive marriage e. Ghost marriage k. Polyandry f.
Exogamy l. Locally 1. The practice of seeking a husband or wife outside one's own group. 2.
Referred to as sister-inlay marriage. 3. Similar CIO levitate marriage 4. A marriage between people e of the same social category.Referred to as brother-inlay marriage. 6.
The relatives of the bride groom assist in capturing the bride. 5. Man cannot be allowed to marry unless the sister of the bride aggressors to marry the the brother of the bride. 8. A norm forbidding the marriage between close relative.
Relative. 11. 12. 13. 14.
15. LESSON 2 9. Sexual relationship with someone considered to be a close 10. The most common and universal form of marriage. 0 Marriage of one woman to two or more men.
Marriage of one man to two or more woman. A plural union where an individual is married to several individuals.Form of marriage founded in Japan. Marriage practiced in by the Inure tribe of Africa. 11 THE NATURE AND MEANING OF After completing the lesson, the students will be able to: 1.
Enumerate the different types of family ; and 2. Differentiate the types of the family given. DISCUSSIONS: The family as a construct stands for F- father, A- and, M- mother, a member of the family will say I (child-son or daughter), L- love, Y- you. , without the four kinds of love, husband and wife could never established a family because filial and fraternal loves are absent Favorer, et al, 2002).Calculate(2006), defined a family as a the basic unit of the society and the primary social institution where one is born.
Palsies(2012), added that family plays a very important role in the life of any nation. It is the basic unit of society. In observing the tremendous importance of this institution, the 1987 institution provides that: The states recognized the sanctity of family life and shall protect and strengthen the family as a basic autonomous social institution Favorer, et al, 2002). 12However, as defined by the "US Census Bureau" family is a group of two or more people related by blood, marriage or adoption and residing together in a household www. Equalize.
Com/s230211 / the-family-a-social-institution-flash-cards/. Solaced, et al (2001), added that family may be defined as a group of persons united by ties of blood or adoption which provides for the rearing of children and supplying their needs. Classification of the Family Basic Types of Defeatism In most western societies, we tend to define family as consisting of mother, father, and children living under one roof which defines a unscientifically. Resonate. Com/sociology/sociolinguistic.
Palsies(2007) added that any individual belongs to two kinds of families : Family of Procreation and a Family of Orientation. Family of Orientation The one who is born and where one is reared and socialized. Family of Procreation The one who establish by the person through marriage. However, before modernization occurs, family structure is composed of two or mare adult generations who share resources and household which explains an extended family. Www.
Custody. Com. News/nation/2005. 3 Two types of families may be derived from misclassification (Palsies, 2007).
The This considers the spouses and their children as a prime importance and which has a finger of comparatively unimportant relatives. The Consanguineous Family This considers the nucleus of blood relatives as more important than spouses. Residential Patterns Most societies observe a norm of PATRIOTICALLY family (Greek word, "place of father") a residential pattern in which a married couples lives with or near the husband's family (Mansions, 1999).While some societies in favor of IMMATERIALITY family (meaning "place of mother"), a residential pattern in which a couple lives in the wife's Emily household www.
Sparseness. Com. But when finances permit, couples establish residence on their own way from both families households, it is called HELICALLY family, However when the newly-wed couple resides with the maternal Uncle of groom it prescribes FUNCTIONALITY family (Palsies, 2007). 14 Patterns of Descent Descent refers to the system by which members of a society trace kinship over generations.And the most prevalent patterns is Patrolling descent, in which children are related to others only through their fathers, and fathers typically pass property on their sons.
And the less common is Intellectualness, through which mothers pass property to their daughters (Mansions, 1999). And lastly, Bilateral descent which affiliates a person with a group of kinsmen related to him through both mother and father (Phillips, 2007). Patterns of Authority In industrial societies, more egalitarian family patterns are evolving; especially as increasing number of woman enter the labor force.
