Intelligence, depending on who is defining the word, is a word that has a variety of deflations. The definitions can vary from problem solving, education, to logic and communication. However, this paper will entail four different definitions of different time period and or cultures.
The four definitions commonalities and differences will be discussed. This paper will compare and contrast the four definitions. The differences and similarities will be discussed.Furthermore, a conclusion about the nature of constructs such as intelligence will be provided.
The four definitions In the sass's French psychologist Albert Bines defined intelligence as having the following skills and actions as vital: common sense, self-motivation, the aptitude of readjusting one's self to conditions, have good Judgment, have good reasoning skills, and comprehension. Furthermore, Bines decided there were 4 components of intelligence which are important: 1 ) regulation: mount a goal, 2) laterality: adapting goal, 3) conception: comprehending the problem 4) self-assessment: evaluating a situation.In the asses, American Howard Gardener's definition of intelligence is "a potential to process information In certain ways, in order to solve problems or fashion products that are valued In a culture or community" (Mason & Wilcox, 2009, up. 3). Gardner sees this as a possession of specific skills of being able to function in the real world.
Gardner believes a human cognitive capability must problem solving skills, and generate a successful invention.Gardner came up with even different types of intelligence: verbal, visual, musical, interpersonal, interpersonal, math, and body awareness. In 1945, Israeli psychologist Reuben Bernstein, defined intelligence as the distinctive tendency of humans to alter or adapt the structure of their mental capableness to modify to the different commands of life's circumstances. In 2003, Robert Sternberg from New Jersey, defined intelligence as the ability to reaching goals or anything an individual wants to obtain in their life within the conditions of their cultural factor.
Sternberg believes when an individual exploits on counterbalancing or toughening the weakness a person may possess, this Is a sign of intelligence. Albert Blunt and Robert Sternberg have many similarities In their definitions of provide seven different types of intelligence. He believes all seven can strengthen an individual for their future and their ability to have positive outcomes in different circumstances. Each psychologist is from a different cultural group and provides a different definition to their idea of intelligence.
Although each definition is different, they all eave one thing in common, they all stress on the idea that when one strengthens their skills in an area they will have different capabilities with the ability to adapt to lives circumstances. Bines and Gardner mentions that adapting to goals is vital as a component to a persons intelligence. Sternberg also stresses on the ability to reaching goals, and continues to stress on cultural factor and balancing life's experiences is a form of intelligence, when Gardner, Bernstein, and Bines speak nothing regarding a persons goals in life.Gardner also speaks that the skills are important to solve problems valued by their culture. However, they all speak of being able to solve problems in life's circumstances.
The nature of constructs such as intelligence are things that cannot be defined with one definition. It is difficult to pinpoint one way of defining such a profound word. Words such as intelligence alter from culture to culture and generation to generation. Within a few years, there could be different ideas and opinions to what a word may mean. Intelligence has numerous different definitions.
There has not been one definition or the word intelligence because each person has their own definition. There is no objective truth, each person has their own perspective which each persons truth is actually true and it cannot be the same as other peoples truth. There will be commonalities within different definitions but they may not be the exact same definition. Culture, environment, and the way an individual is raised changes the definition of intelligence in a persons mind.
This paper has provided definitions from four different psychologists of different backgrounds.
